In the current warfighting environment, the military needs robust modeling and simulation (M&S) to support Irregular Warfare (IW) analysis across the range of tactical, operational, and strategic levels of warfare to help inform decisions concerning operations within the IW environment. In support of this need, the military requires a responsive family of Models, Methods, and Tools (MMT) able t...

n many U.S. campuses, a rising tide of scholarly activity, called computational science , is being recognized by academic administrators through the establishment of research centers and degree programs (Rice 1994). This nascent discipline has emerged from several traditional fields, including for example, cosmology, geography, and pharmacology, that contain subareas in which computing is the p...

We study the residential choice of siblings who are altruistic towards their parents. If some sibling moves further away, he or she can shift some of the burden of taking care for the parents to his or her siblings. Thus, siblings have a strategic incentive to move away that only children do not have. Siblings locate further away from parents than only children, and, for some preferences, asymm...

Yaws and syphilis are closely related diseases that together constitute one of the most ancient and widespread of human afflictions. "Yaw" is supposedly derived from a native African dialect, being a phonetic equivalent, descriptive of the external lesion. There are a number of synonyms in several languages (frambaesia, pian, bouba, etc.). The only acceptable etymology of "syphilis" is that off...

At first sight religion and geography have little in common with one another. Most people interested in the study of religion have little interest in the study of geography, and vice versa. So why include this chapter? The main reason is that some of the many interesting questions about how religion develops, spreads and impacts on people's lives are rooted in geographical factors (what happens...

subjective–objective or chaotic–orderly. 14 This ready-made character of scale is well suited for adherents of critical realism, since it too sports a hierarchically organized set of ontological building blocks (of structures, mechanisms and events; see Sayer 1992, 141, 237). Realism’s dualisms and scalar hierarchies often intertwine, again notwithstanding Sayer’s cautionary remarks (1991; also...