Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: Robots are about to revolutionize anesthesia practice as they have manufacturing. This article explores the changes that are about to happen, and how anesthesiologists can best adapt to these changes and improve patient care. In the relatively brief course of its history since the days of open ether inhalation, anesthesiology ha...

Bladder Tumor is the most common cancer type among urologic cancers and causes high mortality-morbidity if it is not treated early and appropriately. Although there are lots of causes and risks of bladder tumor and it is known that tobacco smoking is the main contributor to bladder tumor, etiology of tumor is not clear. At diagnosis, it is generally seen as a superficial tumor. Transurethral re...

H ISTORY offers us a tool to avoid the condemnation George Santayana (1863–1952) envisioned for those who forget the past. In studying the history of anesthesia, and in particular the singular events that brought anesthesia into the consciousness of the world in Boston in 1845 and 1846, we find much to admire, but even more that we might hope not to repeat. The first public demonstrations of an...

Most anesthesiologists will experience the perioperative death of a patient or a major perioperative catastrophe in the course of their careers. Anesthesia training, however, does not prepare individuals to handle the aftermath of such a stressful event. Multiple surveys have shown that the death of a patient has a major emotional impact on up to 75% of health care providers involved, regardles...

Background Symptomatic anterior mediastinal mass in pregnancy is rare, and cesarean section for such patients poses a risk of cardiopulmonary collapse. Case presentation A 30-year-old woman at 40 weeks' gestation complained of breathlessness and cough, and she was not able to lie supine because of respiratory distress. Computed tomography scan revealed a large anterior-superior mediastinal ma...

INTRODUCTION HTLV-1 infection is endemic in Japan, Caribbean, Africa, and South America. It is transmitted from mother to child, sexual contact, blood transfusions, or sharing needles. Tropical Spastic paraparesis (TSP) is a chronic degenerative neurological disease associated with this infection. It results from a spinal cord symmetrical degeneration at the thoracic level and is characterized ...

BACKGROUND ECT is a well-established treatment for severe depression. The available data on psychosis are limited, but reliable. Its therapeutic potential relies on the induction of a generalized seizure. Besides other narcotics, methohexital and etomidate are used for general anesthesia in ECT. Since prolonged seizures have been reported following the use of etomidate, it can be deduced that t...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa background: the aim of this study was to compare the postoperative pain scores and morphine requirements between spinal anesthesia (sa) with hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% and general anesthesia (ga) with 1 minimal alveolar concentration (mac )of isoflurane in 50% n2o and o2 after elective lower abdominal surgery. materials and methods: in this randomi...

background: there is evidence that electrocardiographic (ecg) changes occur during elective cesarean section in parturients. these changes, mostly in the form of st-segment depression, have been noted in either regional anesthesia or general anesthesia. we performed this study to compare hemodynamic variables and electrocardiographic changes suggestive of myocardial ischemia following administr...