Mining, as defined by Stocks and Down is the ‘removal of minerals from their natural geological environment and their transport to the point of processing or use1’. As so defined mining has, in one form or another, been providing essential raw materials for tens of thousands of years. Although metal ores were first mined in southern Africa (south of 15°S) approximately 2 000 years ago, minerals...

Abstract Mining activities have significantly affected the Neotropical freshwater ichthyofauna, most diverse in world. However, no study has systematized knowledge on subject. In this review, we assembled information main impacts of mining crude oil, gold, iron, copper, and bauxite aquatic ecosystems, emphasizing fishes. The obtained shows that generate several different disturbances, mainly vi...

Non-fuel marine minerals are reviewed from the perspective of resources and their value as active analogs that can advance understanding of types of ancient ore deposits that formed in marine settings. The theory of plate tectonics is the largest influence in expanding our vision ofmarineminerals and in developing our understanding of geologic controls ofmineralization in space and time. Prior ...

This paper assesses whether the market valuation of gold mining firms contain a premium for the option to close. Real options theory states that the managerial flexibility with respect to operating decisions of the firm have a recognisable and identifiable value. Together with the present value of expected cash flows (incorporated via the Hotelling Valuation Principle), existing theory purports...

Biogeochemistry is a useful tool for assessing geochemical dispersion patterns. Sari Gunay epithermal gold deposit was selected in order to assess the application of biogeochemical exploration for gold in northwestern Iran. In this study, four sites were sampled in a profile perpendicular to mineralized vein with a control site two km far-off mineralized vein. A sample from each dominant plant ...

The growing interest in Ghana’s gold mining sector due to the recent upsurge in the price of gold has impacted greatly on the economy of the country with regard to its revenue generation capacity. There is therefore the need to develop this sector. Hence, any new method which is relatively low cost and has comparable efficiency compared to prevailing conventional methods in delineating new pote...