Diphallia and double scrota are rare congenital anomalies. This report records, for the first time, the gross pathological findings of a rare case of diphallia and double scrota in a two-year-old donkey. On physical examination of the donkey, double peni, double prepuces, double scrota and two testes were observed. The two peni were directed opposite to each other at the caudal ventral midline....

has been used for therapeutic purposes since ancient times. Different studies report its antimicrobial activity against an important human pathogen such as S. aureus. Therefore, in our study, we aimed to examine the efficacy of donkey milk standard MRSA and MSSA strains in-vitro environment. In obtained from 53 different donkeys aureus ATCC 43300 (MRSA) 29213 (MSSA) was investigated by broth mi...

In neonatology, blood gas analysis is a useful tool in the evaluation of the health of newborns and plays a key role in early detection of critically ill subjects. Because blood gas analysis parameters have not previously been studied in any depth in donkey foals, this study was performed on 16 healthy Martina Franca donkey foals born after an uncomplicated delivery. Arterial and venous blood s...

Y chromosome acts as a single nonrecombining unit that is male specific and in effect haploid, thus ensuring the preservation of mutational events as a single haplotype via male lines. In this study, 6 Y chromosome-specific microsatellites (SSR) were tested for the patrilineal genetic variations of 573 male samples from Chinese domestic horse (30 breeds), Przewalski's horse, and donkey. All the...

We provide a security analysis for full-state keyed Sponge and full-state Duplex constructions. Our results can be used for making a large class of Sponge-based authenticated encryption schemes more efficient by concurrent absorption of associated data and message blocks. In particular, we introduce and analyze a new variant of SpongeWrap with almost free authentication of associated data. The ...

We provide a security analysis for full-state keyed Sponge and full-state Duplex constructions. Our results can be used for making a large class of Sponge-based authenticated encryption schemes more efficient by concurrent absorption of associated data and message blocks. In particular, we introduce and analyze a new variant of SpongeWrap with almost free authentication of associated data. The ...

We sampled across most of the Old World distribution of donkeys (see Table S1). Samples were collected only from small and remote countryside villages taking great care to sample unrelated individuals. From domestic asses, skin biopsies were collected and stored in 95% ethanol before DNA extraction. Fresh feces of three Equus africanus africanus were collected in Sudan from two different wild h...

284 Exceptional Longevity in Men: Modifiable Factors Associated With Survival and Function to Age 90 Years Laurel B. Yates, MD, MPH; Luc Djoussé, MD, MPH, DSc; Tobias Kurth, MD, ScD; Julie E. Buring, ScD; J. Michael Gaziano, MD, MPH 291 Use of Cardiac Catheterization for Non–ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes According to Initial Risk: Reasons Why Physicians Choose Not to Refer Their...