BACKGROUND The aim of our current study was to investigate the possible occurence of pyrethroid (taufluvalinate) resistant Varroa mites infestations in 24 randomly chosen apiaries of Warmia-Mazury province of northeast Poland. METHODS The methodology used for the analysis of resistant Varroa strains strictly followed the protocol described by Milani. RESULTS We identified 3 apiaries that we...

Attachment of alloc protecting groups to the amidine units of fluorogenic DNA-binding bisbenzamidines or to the amino groups of ethidium bromide leads to a significant reduction of their DNA affinity. More importantly, the active DNA-binding species can be readily regenerated by treatment with ruthenium catalysts in aqueous conditions, even in cell cultures. The catalytic chemical uncaging can ...

The reaction of propargyl amines with tert-butylisonitrile in the presence of a catalytic amount of both Yb(OTf)3 and AgOTf afforded imidazoles, whereas the same reaction with primary and secondary alkylisonitriles, as well as arylisonitriles, in the presence of three metal salts [Yb(OTf)3/AgOTf/KOTf] resulted in the 1,3,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoliums in excellent yields. Both chiral amines ...

Wedescribeanemulsion-based technique thatallows theassemblyof colloidparticles intomicrostructured or multicomponent clusters (“supraparticles”). The particles are gathered, assembled, and fixed together in the restricted, colloid-size 2D or 3D space provided by emulsion droplets. The process is carried out bymultiplemodification of the colloid interactionswithin theparticle/droplet systems“int...

Bottromycin A2 is a structurally unique ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) that possesses potent antibacterial activity towards multidrug-resistant bacteria. The structural novelty of bottromycin stems from its unprecedented macrocyclic amidine and rare β-methylated amino acid residues. The N-terminus of a precursor peptide (BtmD) is converted into bottromy...

A hetero-stranded double helix with a controlled helix sense was designed and synthesized from an optically active dimeric amidine and its complementary achiral dicarboxylic acid strand with conjugated m-diethynylbenzene backbones, being stabilized by the salt bridges.

The nitropolychlorobutadienes 3, 4 are valuable building blocks for various amination and successive heterocyclization products. Nucleophilic substitution reactions of the partially protected, bioactive amines 1, 2 with either vinyl, imidoyl or carbonyl chlorides result in the formation of the enamines 11, 12, 13, 16, 25, the amidine 6, and the amides 20, 21, respectively. In the following, cyc...

Formylglycinamide ribonucleotide amidotransferase (FGAR-AT) is a 140 kDa bi-functional enzyme involved in a coupled reaction, where the glutaminase active site produces ammonia that is subsequently utilized to convert FGAR to its corresponding amidine in an ATP assisted fashion. The structure of FGAR-AT has been previously determined in an inactive state and the mechanism of activation remains ...

To determine what topological changes antiparasitic heterocyclic dications can have on kinetoplast DNA, we have constructed ligation ladders, with phased A5 and ATATA sequences in the same flanking sequence context, as models. Bending by the A5 tract is observed, as expected, while the ATATA sequence bends DNA very little. Complexes of these DNAs with three diamidines containing either furan, t...

The reaction of N(1),N(1')-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(propane-1,3-diamine) (bapen), K2[Ni(CN)4]·H2O and dimethylformamide in the presence of Gd(NO3)3·6H2O under solvothermal conditions yielded yellow crystals of dicyanido(2,3,4,6,7,9,10,11-octahydropyrimido[2',1':3,4]pyrazino[1,2-a]pyrimidine)nickel(II) hemihydrate, [Ni(CN)2(C10H16N4)]·0.5H2O, (I), the crystal structure of which is composed of [Ni(CN...