Multipartite viruses are formed by a variable number of genomic fragments packed in independent viral capsids. This fact poses stringent conditions on their transmission mode, demanding, in particular, a high multiplicity of infection (MOI) for successful propagation. The actual advantages of the multipartite viral strategy are as yet unclear. The origin of multipartite viruses represents an ev...

The 'action' in genome-level evolution lies not in the large gene-containing segments that are conserved among related species, but in the breakpoint regions between these segments. Two recent papers in BMC Genomics detail the pattern of repetitive elements associated with breakpoints and the epigenetic conditions under which breakage occurs.

The full-genome sequence of A/swine/Henan/1/2010, a strain of influenza A virus isolated in central China, was determined. Phylogenetic analyses show that its eight genomic segments are human-like, and some of its segments have appeared in swine H1N2, swine H1N1, and human H1N2 influenza viruses.

Multiple alignments of genome sequences are helpful guides to functional analysis, but predicting cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) accurately from such alignments remains an elusive goal. We predict CRMs for mammalian genes expressed in red blood cells by combining two properties gleaned from aligned, noncoding genome sequences: a positive regulatory potential (RP) score, which detects similarity ...

Here, we report the first complete genome sequence of Anopheles A virus (ANAV) that was isolated from Colombia in 1940, and we include the first description of the medium and large segments. The ANAV medium and large segments share the highest identity with serogroup member Lukuni virus, which causes human infection.

Membrane proteins are detected from whole genome sequences of the nine organisms which were determined recently. Transmembrane segments are detected using the prediction method reported previously by us and the distribution of groups of proteins sharing a speci c number of transmembrane segments are compared among the organisms.

Identifying genomic homology within and between genomes is essential when studying genome evolution. In the past years, different computational techniques have been developed to detect homology even when the actual similarity between homologous segments is low. Depending on the strategy used, these methods search for pairs of chromosomal segments between which either both gene content and order...

The segmented double-stranded (ds) RNA genome of the simian rotavirus SA 11, after denaturation, can be translated in a cell-free protein synthesizing system. Of the 11 genome segments, 9 can be resolved on polyacrylamide gels and thus could be individually isolated and translated, providing a means of identifying the polypeptide encoded by each segment. On the basis of electrophoretic mobility...

Ten polypeptides were detected in double-capsid lamb rotavirus; four of these appeared to be associated with the outer capsid. Lamb rotavirus RNA, which consisted of 11 or 12 segments, differed from pig rotavirus RNA in the electrophoretic mibility of one of the genome segments.

Eight genome RNA segments are present in both normal and von Magnustype influenza virus preparations and all species are transcribed by the virion-associated polymerase. Although the RNA polymerase activity and the amount of the three largest RNA segments are reduced in defective influenza virus preparations, these reductions do not appear to be great enough to account for the much greater loss...