Postnatal developmental stages of lung parenchyma in rhesus monkeys is about one-third that of humans. Alveoli in humans are reported to be formed up to 8 yr of age. We used design-based stereological methods to estimate the number of alveoli (N(alv)) in male and female rhesus monkeys over the first 7 yr of life. Twenty-six rhesus monkeys (13 males ranging in age from 4 to 1,920 days and lung v...

Retroviral particles contain two positive-strand genomic RNAs linked together by noncovalent bonds that can be dissociated under mild conditions. We studied genomic RNAs of wild-type and mutant avian leukosis viruses (ALVs) in an attempt to (i) better understand the site(s) of RNA dimerization, (ii) examine whether the primer binding site (PBS) and tRNA primer are involved in dimerization, and ...

INTRODUCTION Automatic tube compensation (ATC), a new ventilation mode that compensates for the work of breathing imposed by endotracheal tube resistance, recently became commercially available. METHODS We conducted a laboratory study with a lung model and a Nellcor Puritan Bennett 840 ventilator to compare ATC and pressure-support ventilation (PSV). A bellows-in-a-box lung model simulated sp...

Multiple flow rates of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) fraction (F(e,NO)) data can be modelled to estimate airway wall concentration of nitric oxide (C(aw,NO)), diffusing capacity of nitric oxide (D(aw,NO)), alveolar nitric oxide concentration (C(alv,NO)) and total maximal flux of nitric oxide in the airway compartment (J'(aw,NO)). F(e,NO) at 10, 30, 50, 100 and 200 mL.s(-1) from 50 chronic obstruct...

Short axis views of the left ventricle were studied in 68 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and 20 healthy persons using cross-sectional echocardiography. Configurations of the short axis view of the left ventricular cavity at the level of the papillary muscles in HCM were classified into 2 types, dumbbell and mushroom, which were formed by the position of papillary muscles. Antri...

Ž . A new approach to autonomous land vehicle ALV navigation by the person following is proposed. This approach is based on sequential pattern recognition and computer vision techniques, and maintenance of smoothness for indoor navigation is the main goal. The ALV is guided automatically to follow a person who walks in front of the vehicle. The vehicle can be used as an autonomous handcart, go-...

In order to develop a reliable and sensitive method for studying the development and progression of pulmonary emphysema, we compared stereological indices with the usual index for grade of emphysema, i.e., the mean linear intercept (Lm), in elastase-induced emphysema in mice. The Lm and stereological indices, including volumes of total lung tissue (V(lt)), airspaces (V(air)), and surface area o...

Primary chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) from special specific pathogen-free chicken lines are used for detection of contamination of adult or embryonic tissues, meconium, or tissue culture fluids with avian leukosis viruses (ALV). The suitability and efficiency of such tests depend on the susceptibility of CEF to the various subgroups of exogenous as well as endogenous ALV. The ideal CEF for s...

We have previously demonstrated a high incidence of chickens with persistent viremia even in the presence of neutralizing antibodies (V+A+) against the inoculated parental virus in commercial meat-type chickens inoculated at hatch with subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV J) field isolates. In this study, we used an ALV J molecular clone, ADOL pR5-4, to determine the role of neutralizing antibo...