Shunt malfunction is a life-threatening cause of altered mental status and ventriculomegaly in patients with shunted hydrocephalus. While shunt should be highest on the differential for such patients, there may additional toxic/metabolic derangements that are contributing to their presentation not overlooked. Here we present case 41-year-old woman dependent hydrocephalus presenting intracranial...

Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive bacterium that causes listeriosis. Brain abscess is a very uncommon manifestation of listeriosis and has not been reported to be associated with adalimumab (humira), one of the approved medications for treating Crohn's disease. A 45-year-old female with Crohn's disease presented with sudden onset of fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, and altered mental ...

Air embolism developing from an atrial-esophageal fistula that was created as a complication from an atrial ablation procedure is a rare, yet usually fatal diagnosis. Neurologic manifestations such as meningitis, altered mental status, seizures, strokes, transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), psychiatric changes, and coma can ensue. Imaging of the brain might reveal infarcts, cerebral edema, as wel...