A category is a category is a category. The whole point of categorization is to treat unlike things as if they were alike. After all, if we treated each encounter with each object or event as the unique thing it is, we would be unable to generalize, unable to learn, unable to remember, unable to communicate. Ignoring differences underlies all of cognition. But which differences to ignore? And a...

We study, as hypersurfaces in toric varieties, elliptic Calabi–Yau fourfolds for F-theory compactifications dual to E8 × E8 heterotic strings compactified to four dimensions on elliptic Calabi–Yau threefolds with some choice of vector bundle. We describe how to read off the vector bundle data for the heterotic compactification from the toric data of the fourfold. This map allows us to construct...

A novel structure called tapped cascaded adap-tive allpass lter is proposed. It is basically an adaptive nite impulse response (AFIR) lter where the delays are replaced by allpass lters. The system induces a better stability monitoring mechanism than in a generic adaptive inn-nite impulse (AIIR) lter. Two adaptation algorithms are derived. The rst one is for adapting the tap-weights when the al...

We analyze the risk-taking behavior of political candidates who are uncertain about the values voters assign to various policy platforms. We show that the majoritarian and proportional electoral systems lead to different outcomes. The proportional system penalizes risky platforms more than the winner-take-all system. Since candidates choose “safer” platforms, in the proportional system voters f...

We propose a systematic method for the synthesis of arbitrary group delay responses by using allpass structures of coupled optical cavities. Optimum structure parameters design, in terms of filter order and accuracy, are obtained. OCIS codes: 140.4780, 060.4510, 230.1150, 350.4600

Visual agnosia is a disorder of recognition confined to the visual realm, in which a person cannot arrive at the meaning of some or all categories of previously known visual stimuli despite normal or near-normal visual perception and intact alertness, intelligence, and language. This article takes a multidisciplinary approach in discussing this impairment and considers clinical and neurological...

Institute of Statistics Mimeo Series #2543 In this paper we describe a method for statistical modeling of the probability of patch occupancy by a species as a function of patch size and other covariates when patches may be incompletely surveyed. The model is appropriate for study designs is which each patch: is visited once; is surveyed at a set of access sites from which an observer can detect...

Mirror Symmetry for Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces in toric varieties is by now well established. However, previous approaches to it did not uncover the underlying reason for mirror varieties to be mirror. We are able to calculate explicitly vertex algebras that correspond to holomorphic parts of A and B models of Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces and complete intersections in toric varieties. We establish th...

BACKGROUND The ability to find and retrieve information efficiently is an important skill for undergraduate nursing students. Yet a number of studies reveal that nursing students are not confident in their library searching skills and encounter barriers to retrieving relevant information for assignments. OBJECTIVES This grounded theory study examined strategies used by students to locate info...

We present the SPIN system, a computational tool to detect linguistic and dialog structure patterns in a social interaction that reveal the underlying power relations between its participants. The SPIN system labels sentences in an interaction with their dialog acts (i.e., communicative intents), detects instances of overt display of power, and predicts social power relations between its partic...