Alcoholic beverages produced by fermentation (e.g., beer and wine) are powerful stimulants of gastric acid output and gastrin release in humans. The aim of this study was to separate and specify the gastric acid stimulatory ingredients in alcoholic beverages produced by fermentation. Yeast-fermented glucose was used as a simple model of fermented alcoholic beverages; it was stepwise separated b...

This study compared the occurrence of skeletal fluorosis in chronic consumers of locally brewed alcoholic beverages and their matched controls in the Ethiopian Rift Valley. The study revealed that chronic alcohol consumers developed severe forms of crippling skeletal fluorosis quite early in life. The controls were either symptom-free or exhibited mild forms of the fluorosis. The study showed t...

Alcoholic beverages have been classified as carcinogenic to humans. As alcoholic beverages are multicomponent mixtures containing several carcinogenic compounds, a quantitative approach is necessary to compare the risks. Fifteen known and suspected human carcinogens (acetaldehyde, acrylamide, aflatoxins, arsenic, benzene, cadmium, ethanol, ethyl carbamate, formaldehyde, furan, lead, 4-methylimi...

OBJECTIVES 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) regularly occurs in foods and in alcoholic beverages. However, the risk of HMF associated with alcohol consumption has not been systematically studied, so that this study will provide the first quantitative risk assessment of HMF for consumers of alcoholic beverages. METHODS Human dietary intake of HMF via alcoholic beverages in the European Union was ...

In recent years, intensive studies have been carried out regarding the sensory activity of the individual components of the odours of various alcoholic beverages and the dependence between the odour and the chemical composition of the volatile fraction of these products, using gas chromatography with olfactometric detection (GC–O). GC–O is a technique based on sensory evaluation of the eluate f...

AIMS Minimum alcohol prices in British Columbia have been adjusted intermittently over the past 20 years. The present study estimates impacts of these adjustments on alcohol consumption. DESIGN Time-series and longitudinal models of aggregate alcohol consumption with price and other economic data as independent variables. SETTING British Columbia (BC), Canada. PARTICIPANTS The population ...

OBJECTIVE To describe the patterns of alcohol consumption in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS We investigated adolescents who participated in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). This is a cross-sectional, national and school-based study, which surveyed adolescents of 1,247 schools from 124 Brazilian municipalities. Participants answered a self-administered questionnaire with...

AIMS To examine the association of beverage type with high-risk drinking in Korea. METHODS Data were analysed from the Korea's 1997 behavioural risk factor surveillance system survey collected by a stratified random sampling method (n = 1045). After alcohol consumption per drinking day was categorized into three risk levels for short-term or 'acute' harm on the basis of the World Health Organ...