herpes simplex virus (hsv) is one of the common pathogenic viruses of humans bing. this study aimed to determin anti-herpes virus activity of mentha piperita extracts in vitro. mentha piperita extracts can inhibit hsv infection when the cells treated before viral adsorbtion. hsv-1 were also inhibited by menthol after viral adsorption. hsv-1 viral particles were directly inhibited and viral yiel...

conclusions the comprehensive analysis of a protein with important roles has never been easy, and in case of e2 envelope glycoprotein of hgv, there is no much data on its molecular and immunological features, clinical significance and its pathogenic potential in hepatitis or any other gbv-c related diseases. so, results of the present study may explain some structural, physiological and immunol...

conclusions prevalence of hiv/hcv coinfection is considerably low in turkey. the extremely rare prevalence of idu might have a role in this low prevalence. background rate of coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) varies in different countries. this may be attributable to common transmission routes as well as social, economic, and cultural factors. objec...

the burden of exposure to blood-borne pathogens (such as hepatitis b and c viruses) is considerable for health care workers. hepatitis virus transmission requires a non-immune host, an infectious source, and skin or mucous membrane injury. these three aspects are the main fields for preventional interventions. we reviewed major recent studies on this topic to identify precautions health care wo...

Hereditary or acquired cerebellar hypoplasia (CH) is commonly diagnosed in Holstein, Guernsey, Shorthorn and Jersey cattle. Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) has been associated to acquired CH due to viral infection during the second trimester of pregnancy. Stricken calf usually shows ataxia, hypermetria, opisthotonus, intentional tremor and wide-based stance when in standing position. Three newborn ...

transfusion-transmissible infections such as hepatitis b and hepatitis c are among the greatest threats to blood safety for transfusion recipients and pose a serious public health problem. the aim of this study was to assess the epidemiological aspects of hepatitis b and c in kazakhstani donor's blood over the period 2000-2011.the data were obtained from the annual reports of the republican blo...

conclusions history of drug addiction and/or blood transfusion and longer duration of hd treatment were the main risk factors determining the prevalence of hcv infection in the hormozgan province of southern iran in 2015. however, the values observed in the present investigation reflect the effective management techniques imposed by healthcare authorities and relevant organizations in recent ye...

conclusions hiv/hcv co-infection is an important medical problem in north-eastern poland. a history of incarceration and younger age at hiv diagnosis were additional to idu risk factors for hcv seropositivity in this cohort. patients and methods adult hiv-1 infected patients, with at least one antihcv result, treated in one of polish hiv/aids reference centers, participated in this cross-sectio...

background hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev) are both transmitted by the fecal-oral route and are known as the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis in the world, especially in developing countries. there is a lack of updated data on hav and hev seroprevalence in iran. objectives the aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of hav and hev among a group of blood ...

little is known about sand fly fever with manifestations such as severe fever, headache and photophobia at the frontiers before the imposed war iraq against iran (1980-1988). in this article the seroepidemiological study of sand fly fever in different western provinces of iran were investigated during imposed war iraq against iran from march 1987 to march 1988. seroepidemiological studies were ...