IN THE PRESENT ISSUE of the Journal of Applied Physiology, Younes et al. (10) provide direct support for their hypothesis that “in most OSA [obstructive sleep apnea] patients nonarousal mechanisms are capable of restoring upper airway patency if given the chance.” They show that in up to 40% of cases the genioglossus (GG) muscle can be recruited during obstruction enough to open the airway with...

To the Editor: Long-segment congenital tracheal stenosis is difficult to treat surgically or conservatively. We experienced the perioperative management of such an infant treated with several sessions of balloon tracheal dilatation for a year until he finally underwent tracheoplasty. The patient was a 2522 g, one-day-old trisomy-21 boy scheduled for colostomy for imperforate anus and was found ...

UNLABELLED Therapeutic decisions in patients with sleep apnea (eg, adjustment of continuous positive airway pressure [CPAP]) depend on differentiating central from obstructive apnea. Obstructive apnea is defined by cessation of airflow in the presence of continued respiratory effort, which is conventionally inferred from chest wall movement or intrathoracic pressure swings. Cardiogenic oscillat...

conclusion hsg is considered to have a high sensitivity and specificity. hsg and laparoscopy are not alternative, but are the complementary methods in the examination of no tubal patency. results the sensitivity and specificity of hsg on bilateral tubal patency or no bilateral tubal patency were 92.1% and 85.7% respectively. the positive and negative predictive values were 97.2% and 66.7%, and ...

asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airway with extensive airway remodeling. the ethical issues associated with the studies in asthmatic patients, required development of animal model of asthma. animal models of asthma can provide valuable information on several features of asthma pathogenesis and treatment. although these models cannot carry out all clinical features, they are valu...

The purpose of this literature review is as an additional reference in diagnosing and managing submandibular abscess. writing article was obtained from various sources the form books, scientific journals guidelines for related institutions. Source searches were carried out on online portals such Medscape, NCBI Google Scholar other health websites. Submandibular abscess inflammation accompanied ...

Lung volume recruitment involves deep inflation techniques to achieve maximum insufflation capacity in patients with respiratory muscle weakness, in order to increase peak cough flow, thus helping to maintain airway patency and improve ventilation. One of these techniques is air stacking, in which a manual resuscitator is used in order to inflate the lungs. Although intrathoracic pressures can ...

Acute respiratory distress syndrome is a pulmonary disease with a mortality rate of ∼40% and 75,000 deaths annually in the United States. Mechanical ventilation restores airway patency and gas transport but leads to ventilator-induced lung injury. Furthermore, surfactant replacement therapy is ineffective due to surfactant delivery difficulties and deactivation by vascular proteins leaking into...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES While upper airway obstruction is a common problem in the pediatric population, the first-line treatment, adenotonsillectomy, fails in up to 20% of patients. The decision to proceed to surgery is often made without quantitative anatomic guidance. We evaluated the use of a novel technique, long-range optical coherence tomography (LR-OCT), to image the upper airway of childr...

OBJECTIVES To quantify the incidence of intranasal extension of adenoid tissue and residual adenoidal obstruction of the posterior choanae following traditional curette adenoidectomy to determine the efficiency of adenoid curettage and the usefulness of intraoperative endoscopic examination and powered-shaver adenoidectomy in achieving better postnasal patency. DESIGN Prospective intraoperati...