"Air-seeding" is a proposed mechanism for the initiation of water stress embolism in dead plant cells. During air-seeding, external air is drawn into the lumen of a dead plant cell through a pore or crack in the cell wall. The resulting bubble may expand to fill the lumen, thus embolizing the cell. The data presented confirm that Sphagnum hyalocysts can embolize by air-seeding when the pressure...

In robotics, Air Muscle is used as the analogy of the biological motor for locomotion or manipulation. It has advantages like the passive Damping, good power-weight ratio and usage in rough environments. An experimental test set up is designed to test both contraction and volume trapped in Air Muscle. This paper gives the characteristics of Air Muscle in terms of contraction of Air Muscle with ...

extended abstractintroductionsiberian high-pressure is one of the most important systems in climatology, which has been focused by all climatologists because of its influence area and expansion zone.unique features of this system including the expansion zone,the intensity of central pressure,which sometimes amounts to more than1075hp pressure at its core,its temperature and moisture characteris...

Increase in air or oxygen pressure in microbial cell cultures can cause oxidative stress and consequently affect cell physiology and morphology. The behaviour of Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown under hyperbaric atmospheres of air and pure oxygen was studied. A limit of 1.0 MPa for the air pressure increase (i.e. 0.21 MPa of oxygen partial pressure) in a fed-batch culture of S. cerevisiae was est...

[1] The air pressures in coastal unsaturated zones fluctuate in response to tidal fluctuations. Two-phase air-water flow induced by sea tides in a coastal two-layered subsurface system is investigated through numerical simulations. The system consists of upper and lower layers with permeabilities of kU and kL, respectively. A water table exists in the lower layer. The study demonstrates that ai...

The aerodynamic characteristics directly affect driving characteristics, stability, operation, oil consumption, and safety of automobiles. The aerodynamic analyses of automobiles, such as the virtual wind tunnel experiment simulation, based on finite element methods have provided useful theoretical reference to automobile bodywork design. In this study, the air flow vector variation and distrib...

In this paper, for the purpose of improving the ride comfort of a passenger car, the use of an air-cell on top of the conventional polyurethane foam seat is proposed. The air-cell can be modeled as a variable spring with the change of its internal air pressure. Therefore, for different human sizes and road disturbances, the adjustment of the air-cell can make the optimal contact pressure betwee...