A time-intensity gas chromatography-olfactometry (GCO) apparatus was developed to study some aerodynamic parameters that may influence odor detection and intensity measurements by the subjects. The addition of humidified air at the elution place of the compounds is generally recommended for several reasons (essentially to prevent nasal mucosa dehydration and to improve chromatographic effluent ...

Spontaneous combustion of coal is an important problem in mining and storage, in terms of both safety and economics. This is because coal reacts with oxygen in the air and an exothermic reaction occurs, even in ambient conditions. The heat of the reaction accumulates and the reaction becomes progressively faster and thermal runaway may take place to the point of ignition. A detailed computer mo...

[1] We have developed an automated observatory for measuring atmospheric column abundances of CO2 and O2 using near-infrared spectra of the Sun obtained with a high spectral resolution Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS). This is the first dedicated laboratory in a new network of ground-based observatories named the Total Carbon Column Observing Network. This network will be used for carbon cy...

A method of two-step gradient capillary electrochromatography (CEC) was developed to measure 12 carbonyls (aldehydes and ketones) in indoor air samples. The carbonyls were derivatized with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) and then separated by a two-step gradient CEC on a C8 column. Effects of various instrumental conditions on the separation, including buffer concentration, organic modifiers,...

AIM Prolonged air leaks remain one of the most important complication after pulmonary resection. The aim of this study was to test a new fast-track chest tube removal protocol using a new drainage system, which digitally records postoperative air leaks, compared to the traditional one, with subjective visual air leak assessment. METHODS Patients with moderate COPD undergoing lobectomy for pri...

One of the main issues arising during the rapid filling of a pipeline is the pressure transient which originates after the entrapped air has been expelled at the air release valve. Because of the difference in density between water and air, a pressure transient originates at the impact of the water column. Many authors have analyzed the problem, both from the theoretical and the experimental st...

The connectivity and tortuosity of fluid-filled pore networks in the water air phases strongly influence mass transport porous media. Moisture conditions (water content distribution) alter water- or air-filled networks. In this study, using a sand column with variable saturated conditions, were analyzed X-ray computed tomography (CT). Water parameters, including hydraulic conductivity, gas diff...

Besides the global crisis of novel COVID-19 outbreak, we have presented other side towards an environmental perspective. Due to economic shutdown major cities, outbreak has significantly influenced air quality in atmosphere and also affected tropospheric refraction on Global Navigation Satellite System GNSS signal propagation horizontally stratified column. We suggest that variation Zenith Trop...