An important element of drug development using plants is the accumulation and analysis of pertinent research data and purported ethnomedical (folkloric) uses for plants. Due to the quantity of information frequently available in the literature and its appearance over many years from worldwide sources, this information is best stored and analyzed by computers, There are 10 automated data bases t...

Environmental pollution nowadays is a big concern. Anthropogenic activities have altered the environment significantly throughout the world like mining, industry and agriculture. This causes an increase in the Lead(Pb), Cadmium(Cd), Arsenic(As) content of soil and water, thus contaminating them. The increased uptake of these metals by plants influences the natural contents of vegetables and thu...

Oxylipins or oxidized fatty acids are a group of molecules found to play a role in signaling in many different cell types. These fatty acid derivatives have ancient evolutionary origins as signaling molecules and are ideal candidates for inter-kingdom communication. This review discusses examples of the ability of organisms from different kingdoms to "listen" and respond to oxylipin signals dur...

Not all agriculture based on perennial plants is ecologically sound or socially just. But an agroecological concept of must be. We suggest three key elements vision for agriculture. First, be managed with regard the future as much present. Second, situated in ecological and social context, meeting material, social, needs individuals communities that engage producing agricultural goods – making ...

inorganic and organic compounds, primarily as a result of human activities. While inorganic pollutants occur as natural elements in the Earth’s crust and atmosphere, human activities such as industry, mining, motorized traffic, agriculture, logging, and military actions promote their release and concentration in the environment, leading to toxicity (Nriagu 1979). Organic pollutants in the envir...

Throughout evolution, a wide number of organisms specialized in parasitizing plants. Plants are not exceptions; certain plant species evolved as parasites of their own kind. Parasitic angiosperms evolved at least 12 times and show various lifestyles. For example, facultative parasitic plants can complete their life cycle and produce seeds without hosts, whereas obligate parasitic plants totally...

calendula (calendula officinalis) is relatively cold tolerant plant, but in some years plant seriously injured due to harsh winter. in order to evaluate freezing tolerance of calendula an experiment was carried out at college of agriculture, ferdowsi university of mashhadin a factorial-completely randomized design with three replications and plants of two sowing dates (summer and autumn) were e...

The main objective of this study was identifying the effects of educational, extension and research factors on the development of medicinal plants in Markazi Province of Iran. The statistical population included all managers, extension agents and experts involved in medicinal plants in Markazi Province in 2014 (N = 50), who were selected by the census sampling method (n=50). The research instru...