There is a need for the traditional risk management model, which focuses on department based risk assessment, loss management and risk financing, to evolve to enable it to become more responsive to the increasing demands for safety and accountability imposed on the current US healthcare system. The risk management focus must become more strategic and systems based, and less crisis orientated an...

This study examines notions of public finance equity in the six Arabian Gulf monarchies of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. Because of unique characteristics of government expenditures and revenues in these monarchies, many of the standard concepts of public finance (such as the Benefits Principle, Abilityto-Pay Principle, Vertical Equity, and Horizontal...

The "hazard" associated with a waste essentially controls the overall engineering approach to finding suitable alternatives for solving potential disposal problems. It should be recognized that all factors affecting environmental equilibrium must be considered, including product sales, process design, financing, pre- and end-of-pipe treatment, residuals management, and ultimate bioaccumulation ...

This study analyzes a class of supply chain financing system that includes the small and mediumsized manufacturer, the retailer and the raw material supplier which is the core enterprise. Both the manufacturer and the retailer face cash-constraint and cannot produce/order their optimal quantity. Our study is mainly to discuss two financing methods: direct financing and supply chain finance fina...

This overview discusses articles published in this issue of the Health Care Financing Review, entitled "Managed Care: Advances in Financing." Articles cover the cutting-edge developments in payment methods for managed care organizations and their providers; new approaches to financing managed health care services for Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries and special sub-populations; and the finan...

Abstract: In recent years; financing difficulties have been obsessed small and medium enterprises (SMEs); especially emerging SMEs. Inter-members’ joint financing within a supply chain is one of solutions for SMEs. How about members’ joint financing of inter-supply chains? In order to answer the question, we firstly employ the Stackelberg game to propose three kinds of financing decision models...

Using a small open economy framework, we model the composition of capital inflows as the equilibrium outcome of emerging market firms’ financing decisions. We show that debt limits, equity issuing costs, and foreign direct investment search costs generate a financing premium and that the ”cheapest” source of financing depends on the phase of the business cycle and past financing decisions. The ...

1 ©Meir Kohn 2014 9. FINANCING COMMERCE, PRODUCTION, AND GOVERNMENT All economic activity requires investment. We have seen that this is true in commerce and production, and we will see that it is no less true in predation and government. The necessary investment must be financed either by those undertaking the activity or by others. We will begin by examining the need for financing of the diff...