BACKGROUND The Afghan military theatre is specifically marked by guerilla operations and massive use of IEDs (improvised explosive devices) that pose new types of threats for their victims. At the same time, the relevant literature contains only a single, fragmentary analysis on injuries suffered by soldiers serving in the Afghan mission. MATERIAL/METHODS This is a review of medical reports o...

Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders present in all ethnic groups. We investigated the frequency of consanguinity among parents of newborns with IEM diagnosed by neonatal screening. Data were obtained from 15 years of expanded newborn screening for selected IEM with autosomal recessive mode of inheritance, a national screening program of newborns cove...

After years of strict bans on the media, local radio in post-Taliban Afghanistan is undergoing an intense period of reconstruction. This thesis uses a multi-sited ethnographic investigation to examine local Afghan radio's various relationships with women in Afghanistan. In examining both the production and consumption contexts of local radio, it pinpoints areas of disjuncture that can and do le...

A positive deviance (PD) inquiry identifies uncommon, model practices that a follow-on program can spread. PD has been used to rehabilitate malnourished children, but not for improving newborn health. Save the Children Federation/US (SC) conducted newborn PD cycles in communities (total population about 5,000 each) in two project areas in Haripur District, Pakistan among Afghan refugees and amo...

The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) has surgically treated 49 946 war wounded from all sides of the Afghan conflict. Two hospitals were established in Peshawar (1981) and Quetta (1983) on the Afghan border of Pakistan and inside Afghanistan in Kabul (1988). One quarter of all war wounded were injured as a result of antipersonnel mines. In 1980 a UN weapons convention adopted spe...

In times of conflict, an adversary’s resources are a source of potential harm. Many geopolitical tactics are, thus, quite explicitly economic, as they seek either to deter an adversary’s worst intentions or reduce its capacity to inflict damage (Richardson 1960; Tullock 1974). Relevant policies include trade-limiting sanctions (Galtung 1967; Pape 1997) and direct attacks on an adversary’s milit...

The purpose of this paper is to explore events and factors that lead to conflict in the home in the Afghan refugee setting, and the current status of the health sector's ability to respond to evidence of conflict. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 20 women of reproductive age and 20 health workers serving these women in an Afghan refugee camp near Peshawar, Pakistan, during the summer ...

In this study, 180 aut of 986 primary school children of Absard were evaluated for the presence of intestinal parasitic infections. Direct smears of one stool sample for each public were used in this study. The samples were selected from one urban and two rural areas. Afghan immigrants were also included in the study. Among study population, 69 % were infected by intestinal parasites. The most...