Graph layout algorithms typically conform to one or more aesthetic criteria (e.g. minimising the number of bends, maximising orthogonality). Determining the extent to which a graph drawing conforms to an aesthetic criterion tends to be done informally, and varies between different algorithms. This paper presents formal metrics for measuring the aesthetic presence in a graph drawing for seven co...

To the Editor: The use of botulinum neurotoxin A is the most frequent intervention in aesthetic medicine. Sales of the two main preparations—Botox (Allergan Inc, Irvine, CA) and Dysport (Ipsen Ltd, Slough, Berkshire, UK)—amounted to USD $1 billion in 2007, and the trend is still growing. Even after 15 years of clinical use, the unit equivalence between these two main botulinum neurotoxin A prod...

In both technologies, the treatment is based on applying optical energy to the skin surface. The light should penetrate the skin to a depth of a few millimeters, where the energy is selectively absorbed by the target. One of the main limitations facing these technologies is the fact that the light has to penetrate through the epidermis before it can reach the depth necessary to cause the desire...

Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümünde Modern dersleri veren İbrahim Şahin, Yeni profesörüdür. Alanında yayımlanmış eserleri bulunan akademik hayatı boyunca yaptığı bütün çalışmalarında modern edebiyatının içinde yer etmiş yazar şairlerin anlaşılmasına katkı sağlamaktadır. Yazar, Tehlikeli Estetik adlı çalışmasında Yahya Kemal, Mehmet Akif, İsme...

Abstract I argue that the main existing accounts of relationship between beauty environmental entities and their moral standing are mistaken in important ways. Beauty does not, as has been suggested by optimists, confer intrinsic standing. Nor is it case, pessimists, at best provides an anthropocentric source commensurate with other sources pleasure. present arguments evidence show appreciation...

This paper proposes a method of inputting a planar log-aesthetic curve with compound-rhythm using four control points. The log-aesthetic curve does not exhibit any undulations of curvature as its curvature increases or decreases monotonically and it is suitable for practical product design. We report an method to input the compound-rhythm log-aesthetic curve made up of two log-aesthetic curve s...

aesthetic lines after osteotomies, symmetries of the middle third. It is also used for functional recovery of opening the nasal valve. The evaluation of the results of spreader graft is difficult and subjective. Measuring nasal valve angle is an objectie criteria of functional outcome, the brow tip aesthetic lines referred by Tardy and Sheen are options for aesthetic evaluation. Our common indi...

I consider whether entrepreneurship is a distinct category within economic theory. More generally, I consider the links between discussions of entrepreneurship and philosophic debates over the nature of the aesthetic. For instance, Kant’s attempt to elevate the category of the aesthetic has much in common with Kirzner’s attempt to elevate the concept of the entrepreneur. Shackle’s theory of cho...