AIM To develop and test a new tool to assess the avoidability of adverse drug reactions that is suitable for use in paediatrics but which is also applicable to a variety of other settings. METHODS The study involved multiple phases. Preliminary work involved using the Hallas scale and a modification of the existing Hallas scale, to assess two different sets of adverse drug reaction (ADR) case...

Drug-induced acute pancreatitis (DIP) is generally considered to be a rare disease. Indeed, the incidence of cases caused by medication use is much lower than of those caused by biliary disorder or alcohol. On the other hand, the total incidence of acute pancreatitis in developed countries continues to rise as does the exposition of general population to medication. The disease was almost unkno...

OBJECTIVES Drug safety and postmarketing surveillance have become important public health issues in China. This study reviews the relatively new drug safety surveillance system in China and compares it with the systems in the United States and Europe. METHODS An extensive literature review was conducted in the following four areas: 1) the organizational structure of the State Food and Drug Ad...

Adverse drug reaction (ADR) has been known as a main reason to mortality, which pushes a significant pressure on health care resources; in addition reporting ADR could be helpful to decrease the consequences. The present study aimed to determine the attitude and barriers of not reporting ADR cases among a group of Iranian pharmacologists. This crosssectional study was conducted among 117 pharma...

PURPOSE To perform a comprehensive and systematic review regarding ophthalmic adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to systemic drugs to: (i) systematically summarize existing evidence, (ii) identify areas, ophthalmic ADRs or drugs that lacked systematization or assessment (namely drugs with original studies characterizing specific ophthalmic ADRs but without causality assessment nor without meta-analy...

UNLABELLED In February 2006, there was a renewed effort to encourage reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in Jamaica. It involved renaming the process the "PharmWatch" programme and revising the reporting form. OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to assess the attitudes of community pharmacists to ADR reporting and to assess their utilization of the PharmWatch programme. METHODS Th...

In this report we describe a 53-year-old woman with advanced non-small cell lung cancer, treated with pemetrexed and cisplatin combination therapy, followed by pemetrexed monotherapy. The patient developed severe muscle spasms at least twice, shortly after administration of pemetrexed monotherapy. A possible explanation for this observation is that in combination with cisplatin therapy, the pat...

The present study aimed to investigate the reversal effect of resveratrol on the phenomenon of multidrug resistance in U2OS/adriamycin (ADR) cells and to clarify the molecular mechanisms. To examine the cell survival and half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of ADR in U2OS and U2OS/ADR cells, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used. The accumulation of ADR in ...

Twitter is a popular social media site on which people post millions of Tweets every day. As patients often share their experiences with drugs Twitter, can also be considered as rich alternative source adverse drug reaction (ADR)-related information. This information useful for health authorities and manufacturing companies to monitor the post-marketing effectiveness drugs. However, automatic d...

Background: Hemorrhagic events are amongst the major adverse effects of injectable anticoagulants such as heparin and enoxaparin. This necessitates close monitoring of their use for clinically relevant drug-drug interactions. Aim: To study the rate of hemorrhagic events, the anatomical site, and the severity of the hemorrhage in patients receiving heparin or enoxaparin in combination with clop...