The universe is filled with nearly isotropic cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, which has a blackbody spectrum of temperature T ≈ 2.73K. In addition, there are tiny direction dependent deviations δT from the mean temperature, δT/T . 10−4. These CMB anisotropies result from small primordial perturbations. The initial conditions, deep in the radiation-dominated universe, can be a mixtur...

[1] We examine liquid water paths (LWPs) derived from ship-based microwave radiometer brightness temperature (Tb) measurements collected within southeastern Pacific stratocumulus at 20 S, 85 W in October 2001. The boundary layer was typically well mixed and overcast. Three gaseous absorption models and two liquid dielectric models are evaluated. Total differences in retrieved LWP attributable t...

In the paper we derive a semiclassical model for surface hopping allowing quantum dynamical non-adiabatic transition between different potential energy surfaces in which cases the classical Born-Oppenheimer approximation breaks down. The model is derived using the Wigner transform and Weyl quantization, and the central idea is to evolve the entire Wigner matrix rather than just the diagonal ent...

We showed (1) that an analytical model of monsoons exhibits no abrupt response to forcing changes when one assumes, consistent with observations (2), that monsoon circulations export energy away from their ascending branch. We claimed that a previous model (3) incorrectly produced an abrupt response because it neglected the adiabatic cooling of rising air in a stably stratified troposphere. Lev...

Efficiency of adiabatic circuits is determined by the adiabatic and non-adiabatic losses incurred by them during the charging and recovery operations. Lesser be the losses more energy efficient would be the circuit. In this paper, a new approach i.e., Complementary Energy Path Adiabatic Logic (CEPAL), is presented to minimize power dissipation in quasi static energy recovery logic (QSERL). It o...

-In recent years, low power circuit design has been an important issue in System on Chip (SoC) and VLSI design areas. Adiabatic logics, which dissipate less power than static CMOS logic, have been introduced as a promising new approach in low power circuit design. Adiabatic circuits are those circuits which work on the principle of adiabatic charging and discharging and which recycle the energy...

A recent paper (Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 173201, 2012) has introduced the concept of vibrational conical intersections as a potential source of ultrafast vibrational relaxation, using the coupling between high-frequency OH modes and low-frequency intramolecular hydrogen bonding modes of malonaldehyde as an example. Here, the question is addressed whether such conical intersections may also appear ...

Using a simple model Hamiltonian, the three correction terms for Born-Oppenheimer (BO) breakdown, the adiabatic diagonal correction (DC), the first-derivative momentum non-adiabatic correction (FD), and the second-derivative kinetic-energy non-adiabatic correction (SD), are shown to all contribute to thermodynamic and spectroscopic properties as well as to thermal non-diabatic chemical reaction...