Usually types of PCF are interpreted as cpos and terms as continuous functions. It is then the case that non-termination of a closed term of ground type corresponds to the interpretation being bottom; we say that the semantics is adequate. We shall here present an axiomatic approach to adequacy for PCF in the sense that we will introduce categorical axioms enabling an adequate semantics to be g...

In this paper we present an existing and formalized type theory UTT Luo Goguen as a logical framework We compare the resulting frame work with LF Harper et al and give the representation of two signi cant type systems in the framework the typed lambda calculus which is closely related to higher order logic and a linear type system which is not possible to encode in LF

In the past two years there has been a resurgence of polio with 21 previously polio-free countries importing wild poliovirus. Wild poliovirus importations into polio-free areas will continue to occur until endemic transmission is interrupted globally. Australia's acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance falls well short of the target of more than 80 per cent of AFP cases having two adequate s...

826 Introduction This position statement was developed by the American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine (ACLAM) to assist in the provision and evaluation of veterinary care for laboratory animals used, or intended for use, in research, teaching, testing or production. While this document aims to deliver independent guidance for animal programs, ACLAM recognizes that both regulatory and sci...

rates and residual bladder urine volume. These tests require urethral catheterization. The disadvantages of catheterization have been amply described (1,2) and justify the need to develop a method to evaluate the lower urinary tract without recourse to catheter ization. Mulrow and associates (3) used 131I-labeled diodrast to estimate residual bladder urine volume without catheterization. They a...

This article explores the components of an “adequate” education for linguistic minority students in California and attempts to distinguish these from the components of an adequate education for low-income students who are native English speakers. About 1.6 million students were classified as English learners (ELs) in California in 2006. We argue that in order to determine the costs of educating...

The excellent initiative of the Community Practitioners' and Health Visitors' Association - that school nurses investigate poor toilet facilities - is to be applauded (news November 27).

Aspect-oriented programming supports the separation of concerns into traditional core concerns and cross-cutting aspects. Aspects typically contain new code fragments that are introduced to the system (such as advice or introductions) and a means of quantification that specifies where these code fragments are to be inserted. Although powerful, aspect-oriented programming includes new sources fo...

Editorial Staff Assistant Managing Editor: Dawn Bennett Senior Editors: Eleanore Butz, R. Brooks Hanson, Pamela J. Hines, Barbara Jasny, Katrina L. Kelner, David Lindley, Linda J. Miller, Phillip D. Szuromi, David F. Voss Associate Editors: Gilbert J. Chin, Paula A. Kiberstis, Suki Parks, L. Bryan Ray Letters: Christine Gilbert, Editor; Steven S. Lapham Book Reviews: Katherine Livingston, Edito...