Purpose We investigated the effect of graded range of horizontal duction on the shape of the peripapillary Bruch's membrane (ppBM) and optic nerve head (ONH). Methods In 50 eyes of 25 normal subjects, the ONH and peripapillary retina were imaged by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in central gaze and incremental angles of add- and abduction. Displacements of the Bruch's membrane opening (BM...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the activation of the vastus medialis oblique muscle (VMO) and vastus lateralis muscle (VL) during squat exercise with various hip adduction loads using a pressure-biofeedback unit, and to suggest the most effective exercise method. [Subjects] We recruited 15 healthy adult females with no pain in the knee joint and no other orthopedic probl...

background: patellofemoral pain syndrome (pfps) is one of the most frequent causes of anterior knee pain in adolescents and adults. this disorder can have a big effect on patients’ ability and quality of life and gait.   methods: this review included all articles published during 1990 to 2016. an extensive literature search was performed in databases of science direct, google scholar, pubmed an...

To provide a scientific basis for the design of bicycle pedals which possibly alleviate over-use knee injuries, two hypotheses were tested in the present study. The two hypotheses were: (1) that the three-dimensional pedal constraint loads; and (2) that the three-dimensional intersegmental knee loads would be reduced more significantly by a foot/pedal platform allowing both adduction/abduction ...

Introduction Gait modification is frequently used as conservative management in knee osteoarthritis (OA). Knee orthoses, such as knee sleeves and unloader knee braces, are nonpharmacological treatment for gait modification in symptomatic knee OA. Previous studies lack systematic investigation of biomechanical effect and functional capacity, particularly walking capacity. This study investigated...

purpose: to report a case of duane's retraction syndrome with dry eye. patient and findings: an 18-year-old girl presented with chief complaint of limited abduction in her right eye. best corrected visual acuity was od: 8/10 and os: 9/10. ocular motility examination revealed severe abduction limitation (-4), mild adduction limitation (-1), and moderate upshoot and mild downshoot in the rig...

Osteoarthritis of the knee is a debilitating condition affecting increasing numbers of individuals each year. One option for treatment is orthotic knee braces, but a little independent reviews have taken place to date on their relative outcomes for users. This study therefore evaluates the efficacy of different types of knee orthoses (braces) with regard to key aspects of use, including gait pa...