The effect of hemorrhagic reduction in systemic blood pressure (SBP) to 90 mm Hg for four hours on autoregulation of renal blood flow (RBF), renal function, and renal histology was examined in control rats, one week norepinephrine-induced acute renal failure (NE-ARF) rats with intact renal nerves, and one week NE-ARF rats with prior renal denervation. The results showed that in control rats, he...

The renal handling of phosphorus was evaluated in rats with acute renal failure (ARF) induced by injection of mercuric chloride (HgCl(2)). Clearances of endogenous creatinine (Ccr) and of phosphorus (Cp) were measured in the following groups: 1. Intact animals (control); 2. Parathyroidectomized rats (PTX) with normal kidney function (PTX control); 3. Animals with mercury-induced acute renal fai...

The effects of acute renal failure (ARF) on somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were studied in rats. With the increase in blood urea nitrogen caused by the ligation of bilateral ureters, both a significant augmentation of amplitudes of the SEP and an increase in the SEP latencies were observed. The nerve conduction velocities of peripheral nerves were unchanged. Thus a kind of cortical irri...

Atrial natriuretic peptides (ANPs) are a family of peptide hormones, e.g., ANP, long-acting natriuretic peptide, vessel dilator, and kaliuretic peptide synthesized by the ANP gene. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-type natriuretic peptide are also members of this family but are synthesized by separate genes. Within the kidney, the ANP prohormone's posttranslational processing is different ...

The present study examined whether the cisplatin-induced nephropathy could be ameliorated by administration of butein isolated from the stems of Rhus verniciflua STOCKS. The present study showed that polyuric profile was revealed in cisplatin-induced acute renal failure (ARF) rats associated with decreases in urinary sodium, potassium, chloride, and creatinine excretion, and osmolality. Among t...

Traumatic and nontraumatic rhabdomyolysis can lead to acute renal failure (ARF), and acute alcohol intoxication can lead to multiple abnormalities of the renal tubules. We examined the effect of acute alcohol intoxication in a rat model of rhabdomyolysis and ARF. Intravenous injections of 5 g/kg ethanol were given to rats over 3 h, followed by glycerol-induced rhabdomyolysis. Biochemical parame...

Acute renal failure (ARF) induces tubular hyperresponsiveness to TLR4 ligands, culminating in exaggerated renal cytokine/chemokine production. However, the fate of TLR4 protein during acute tubular injury remains unknown. The study sought new insights into this issue. Male CD-1 mice were subjected to 1) unilateral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), 2) cisplatin (CP) nephrotoxicity, or 3) glycerol-indu...

Ischemic acute renal failure (ARF) is a highly complex disorder involving renal vasoconstriction, filtration failure, tubular obstruction, tubular backleak and generation of reactive oxygen species. Due to this complexity, the aim of our study was to explore effects of Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) blockade on kidney structure and function, as well as oxidative stress in spontaneously h...

Introduction The evaluation of kidney failure is challenging, despite many advances in diagnosis and treatment over the past decade. To provide pediatricians with an informed choice, this article reviews both acute and chronic renal failure, their multiple causes, the principles of treatment, and both shortand long-term outcomes. Acute renal failure (ARF) is characterized by the abrupt failure ...