A hierarchy of health effects that appear sequentially after high doses of whole-body irradiation consists of the haematopoietic, gastrointestinal and central nervous syndromes, which are collectively referred to as the 'acute radiation syndromes' and have been extensively reviewed (Bond et al. The dose range over which these syndromes occur is shown in Table 35. The cuta-neous radiation syndro...

The growth of 95 children with malignant disease was studied over a 3- or 4-year period, and compared with the growth of normal children matched for age and sex by calculation of the standard deviation score. The mean standard deviation score of the children with leukaemia fell in the first year of treatment, and thereafter showed little change, remaining below the normal. This effect was relat...

RATIONALE Crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD) is a poor prognostic factor after stroke because without immediate cerebral reperfusion no further improvements in the patient's condition can be achieved. We investigated the clinical effects of intravascular laser irradiation therapy (ILIB) on CCD and evaluated the therapeutic effect in the sub-acute post-stroke stage. PATIENT CONCERNS The 77-ye...

We hypothesized that the sister chromatid exchanges assay in acute leukemia long-term survivors may detect: (a) long-term effects of combined chemo- and radiotherapy; and possibly (b) those individuals with inherently deficient DNA repair. Accordingly, we determined the sister chromatid exchanges frequency in 26 blood specimens from 24 acute leukemia long-term survivors (patients) and 14 blood ...

sterilized soils are commonly used for the study of xenobiotic sorption and as an abiotic control in biodegradation experiments. they are also used for the chemical study of nitrogen and carbon cycle processes and the elimination of the biological factors. in this research the effects of different soil sterilization methods such as autoclaving, fumigating and exposure to ultraviolet and microwa...

BACKGROUND Acute lung inflammation can be monitored by various biochemical readouts of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). OBJECTIVE To analyze the BALF content of ultrafine particles (UFP; <100 nm) as an inflammatory biomarker in early diagnosis of acute and chronic lung diseases. METHODS Mice were exposed to different stress conditions and inflammatory insults (acute lipopolysaccharide i...

To investigate the influence of chronic hypoxia and anoxia on cell survival after low- and high-LET radiation, CHO-K1 cells were kept for 24 h under chronic hypoxia (94.5% N2; 5% CO2; 0.5% O2) or chronic anoxia (95% N2; 5% CO2). Irradiation was performed using 250 kVp X-rays or carbon ions with a dose average LET of 100 keV/μm either directly under the chronic oxygenation states, or at differen...

Radiation-induced liver toxicity is a major limitation to the use of radiation in the treatment of intrahepatic cancers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential radioprotective effect of a smallmolecule tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) inhibitor, UTL-5g, against radiation-induced acute liver injury. Mice were pre-treated by i.p. injection with UTL-5g and control vehicle one h...

Radiation proctitis is a frequent acute complication encountered with pelvic irradiation. This study was aimed at establishing the optimal radiation dose for radiation-induced proctitis in rats. Female Wistar rats were used. The rectal specimens were examined morphologically at 5th and 10th day following 10-30 Gy irradiation in single fraction. With increasing dose, mucosal damage became worse,...

Combined chemotherapy and prophylactic cranial irradiation has improved the prognosis of children with acute leukemia. However cranial irradiation carries a latent risk of the induction of secondary intracranial tumors. We encountered a patient who developed multiple intracranial radiation-induced meningiomas (RIMs) 25 years after prophylactic cranial irradiation for the treatment of acute leuk...