toll like receptors (tlrs) recognize pathogens and generate an immediate defense response by inducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which rapidly destroy or limit the pathogens. in their bridging role, tlr downstream signals link innate and adaptive immunity, particularly by mediating dc maturation and activation of pathogen specific t lymphocytes. these pathways lead to the act...

urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (upar) and its ligands play a major role in many tumors by mediating extracellular matrix degradation and signaling cascades leading to tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. recently we introduced upar decapeptide antagonist with cytotoxic effect on mda-mb-231 cell line. in this study we assessed the alteration in upar downstream signaling following tre...

The strain rate sensitivity (SRS) of Mg–1.5 wt% Gd processed by conventional extrusion and 2 passes of simple shear extrusion (SSE) was investigated by shear punch testing. Shear punch tests were conducted at initial shear strain rates in the range of 0.003–0.3 s-1 and at temperatures in the range of 573–773 K. A fine-grained microstructure with an average grain size of about 2.5 µm, obtained a...

Plant derived immunostimulants are a promising alternative to chemotherapeutics and also perhaps vaccines. In the present study, we examined the immunostimulating properties of aqueous leaf extract of Phyllanthus niruri, an Indian traditional medicinal herb, on neutrophil activation and antibody response of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters). Serial ten-fold diluted doses of P. niruri ranging fro...

The structural and bleaching properties of nitric acid-activated Nteje clay was studied to investigate its ability to serve as an alternative to the high cost imported bleaching earth. The clay was mined, sun-dried, grinded, and reacted with different concentrations of nitric acid, ranging from 2 mol.L-1 to 15 mol.L-1. The un-activated and activated samples were characterized to study the struc...