Bile salts of ten species of frogs of the family Ranidae were examined by means of thin-layer chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography, and gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Their major bile alcohols were ranol, cyprinol, or bufol. Four species of frogs contained lesser amounts of higher bile acids, and in two species C24 bile acids were present. A higher bile acid that has not been...

Cultures of Pseudomonas putida growing in solutions with diphenylmethane as sole carbon source formed 1,1,1',1'-tetraphenyldimethyl ether. The product was identified by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. The formation of benzophenone, benzhydrol, and phenylglycolic acid was established by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Sim...

Direct gas-liquid chromatography of faecal specimens with isocaproic acid as a marker was used for the rapid diagnosis of Clostridium difficile associated diarrhoeal diseases. Ninety stools were examined and results were compared with conventional culture on selective medium and cytotoxin assay in tissue culture. Using a combined analysis of isocaproic acid and butyric acid peak heights we defi...

Oleic acid is a common pharmaceutical excipient that has been widely used in various dosage forms. Gas chromatography (GC) has often been used as the quantitation method for fatty acids normally requiring a derivatization step. The aim of this study was to develop a simple, robust, and derivatization-free GC method that is suitable for routine analysis of all the major components in oleic acid ...

Primary bile acids were studied as possible colon tumor promoters or inhibitors in a rat model of chemically induced colon cancer. Cholic acid feeding increased the number of animals with tumors, the number of tumors per animal, and the number of tumors per tumor-bearing animal. Tumor enhancement was attributed to deoxycholic acid, the bacterial metabolite of cholic acid. When chenodeoxycholic ...

Sodium alginate, mannuronic acid-rich and guluronic acid-rich fractions were prepared from "Mekabu" (sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida). The production of short-chain fatty acids such as acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids from these fractions in mini-scale batch culture using pig cecal bacteria was studied, and the gas released from the culture was monitored. The volume of released gas corre...