We investigated the effects of UDCA on sphingomyelinase (SMase) in Caco 2 cells cultured in monolayer and polarized conditions. Alkaline SMase activity was high in polarized cells whereas, acid and neutral SMase activities were high in monolayer cells. In polarized cells, UDCA increased alkaline SMase expression and caspase 3 activity but had no effect on acid and neutral SMases. In monolayer c...

In this study, the solubilization of waste coarse wool as a precursory step for large-scale valorization keratin was investigated using green deep eutectic solvent (DES) based on L-cysteine and lactic acid. The investigation undertaken via response surface methodology Box–Behnken design four process variables temperature (70–110 °C), dissolution time (2–10 h), mass (0.5–2.5 g) in 20 mL acid, lo...

Solubilization of membrane proteins by amphiphilic detergents represents a crucial step in studies of membrane proteins in which proteins and lipids in natural membranes are dissociated giving rise to mixed clusters of proteins, lipids and detergents in the aqueous dispersion. Although solubilization is a popular method, physicochemical principles underlying solubilization are not well understo...

effects of gibberellic acid (ga) and abscisic acid (aba) on dormant and after-ripened wheat seed, cultivar rl4137, were studied. the aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of seed after-ripening in comparison with gibberellin application on breaking of seed dormancy. moreover, the effect of abscisic acid on dormancy induction was also evaluated. acid and alkaline posphatase activity of se...

Aquaporins facilitate the diffusion of water across cell membranes. We previously showed that acid pH or low Ca(2+) increase the water permeability of bovine AQP0 expressed in Xenopus oocytes. We now show that external histidines in loops A and C mediate the pH dependence. Furthermore, the position of histidines in different members of the aquaporin family can "tune" the pH sensitivity toward a...

The performance of an anaerobic digestion fed with waste activated sludge (WAS) pretreated with NaOH was examined. The sludge was periodically collected from a municipal wastewater-treatment plant. The laboratory work was run in four 1-1 semi-continuous anaerobic digestion reactors. Reactor A was fed with untreated WAS at 1% total solids (TS). The other three reactors, B, C and D, were respecti...

In this study, alkaline peroxide oxidation pretreatment was evaluated for sugarcane bagasse, a lignocellulosic biomass. By comparing the effects of NaOHH2O2 and Ca(OH)2 on pretreatments at specified reaction time periods (3, 6, 9, and 12 h) and reaction temperatures (60, 70, 80, and 90 h), optimum responses in term of cellulose content, hemicellulose solubilization, and lignin removal were esta...

Background: Bacillus spp., known to promote growth and reduce disease of various field vegetable crops, are frequently found in soils. The objective the study was select effective spp. isolates with multiple plant properties antifungal activities examine their effect on germination soybean. Methods: Bacterial were screened for production indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) siderophores solubilization ph...

A receptor protein for the auxin transport inhibitor, N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA), has been solubilized from corn coleoptile membranes using Triton X-100. [(3)H]NPA binding activity of the receptor was compared in soluble and membrane-bound states. Both activities are abolished by treatment with trypsin. Differences between the two are observed in pH optima and rates of heat inactivation....

Cathcpsin B is a lysosomal thiol proteinase that is thought to play an important role in the destruction of the extracellular matrix and in the invasivc process of metastatic tumour cells In this study, we have investigated the cell surface expression of a cathepsin 9-like enzyme found in association with the plasma membrane of human breast tumour cells (MDA. MB. 436). These cells were grown in...