abstract introduction:   it is more than 60 years that fine needle aspiration (fna) has been used for diagnosing palpable breast masses and has been known as an effective method for several years in europe. in this study, we compared the diagnostic accuracy of fna with open biopsy in tabriz and shiraz, iran. material and methods: we studied 100 patients with breast lesions in tabriz imam khomei...

Background: Lumbar spine surgery (LSS) is performed to manage patients with lumbar discs. These commonly experience pain, fear, and disability after LSS surgery. Objectives: Considering the importance of its outcomes in these patients, purpose present study was compare pain intensity, fear movement, before LSS. Methods: In this descriptive analytical research, population under included all unde...

abstract background: pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common gram negative bacteria involved in nosocomial infections. presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) genes, play an important role in induction of resistance in beta-lactamase producing species to beta lactam antibiotics. frequency of resistance to these antibiotics is increasing. in this study, antibiotic sensitiv...