Postprandial symptoms of bloating, distension, early satiety, and nausea are associated with impaired postprandial gastric accommodation, which is detectable by means of an intragastric, barostatically controlled balloon in the proximal stomach and by ultrasound in the distal stomach. Our aim was to develop a noninvasive method to measure the entire gastric accommodation reflex. In 10 healthy v...

“It is undoubtedly the final frontier of cataract and refractive surgery.There is great interest and excitement in this field of research at the moment and we are seeing some very interesting approaches coming on stream which hold great promise for future treatment of presbyopia,” said David Spalton FRCS, FRCOphth, who co-chaired the symposium. Dr Spalton said it was important to remember that ...

Aim: Orthoptists are familiar with AC/A ratios and the concept that accommodation drives convergence, but the reverse relationship, that of the accommodation associated with convergence, is rarely con-

Prolonged exposure to blurred images produces perceptual adaptation (M. A. Webster, M. A., Georgeson, & S. M. Webster, 2002). The purpose of this study is to test whether in addition to the reported change in perceived blur there is also a change in accommodation. Young adult (aged 18 to 31 years) myopic (n = 23) and emmetropic (n = 17) subjects participated in the study. Myopes were tested wit...

The reliability of the systems can be enhanced by fault detection and isolation (FDI) method and fault accommodation. FDI methods have been studied from 1960’s in various areas of engineering problems. As reported in literature such as survey papers [Betta et. al., 2000, Frank, 1990] and books [Chow et. al, 1984, Gertler, 1998], various methods of FDI have been studied and applied to diverse ap...

PURPOSE To study whether the accommodation response to Badal optometer is equivalent to the response for real space targets. METHODS Accommodative responses were measured for 28 young eyes with the WAM-5500 autorefractometer in eight configurations for 0.17 D, 2.0 D and 5.0 D accommodation stimuli. Parameters that might contribute to differences in response were systematically isolated: stimu...

The aim was to identify the cone contributions and pathways for reflex accommodation. Twelve illumination conditions were used to test specified locations in cone-contrast space. Accommodation was monitored continuously in a Badal optometer while the grating stimulus (2.2 c/d sine-wave; 0.27 modulation) moved sinusoidally (0.195 Hz) towards and away from the eye from a mean position of 2.00 D (...

This study expands on a geometric model of ocular accommodation (Reilly and Ravi, Vision Res. 50:330-336; 2010) by relaxing assumptions regarding lens symmetry about the equator. A method for predicting stretching force was derived. Two models were then developed: Model 1 held the equatorial geometry constant at all stages of accommodation, while Model 2 allowed localized deformation at the equ...

The static and dynamic aspects of the pupil response associated with various amplitudes of far-to-near (accommodation) and near-to-far (disaccommodation) focusing responses were evaluated in this study. Dynamic refractive and pupillary changes were measured simultaneously during focusing responses to targets at real distances in 12 young (23-26 years) emmetropic subjects. The targets were prese...

PURPOSE To examine accommodation and accommodative convergence relationships in naturally strabismic monkeys. METHODS Photorefraction was used to measure accommodative responses of each eye under monocular and binocular viewing conditions. These accommodative results were then compared to assessments of vergence state made under monocular viewing conditions using methods previously described....