Accident models play a critical role in accident investigation and analysis. Most traditional models are based on an underlying chain of events. These models, however, have serious limitations when used for complex, socio-technical systems. Previously, Leveson proposed a new accident model (STAMP) based on system theory where the basic concept is not an event but a constraint. This paper shows ...

Environmental justice advocates in the US and internationally have argued that hazardous materials industries are a source of significant community disruption and environmental hazard. Few of these studies, however, have examined firms' accident frequencies or how accidents are distributed across metropolitan regions. This research argues that accident frequencies differ significantly among fir...

BACKGROUND In the metropolitan area of Florence, 62% of major traumas involve powered two wheeler rider and pillion passengers, 10% cyclists, and 7% pedestrians. The urban and extra-urban areas are the most dangerous for the vulnerable road user. In-depth investigations are needed for assessing detailed information on road accidents. This type of study has been very limited in time frame in Ita...

To ensure the applicability of accident-tolerant fuels, their behaviors under various accidental conditions must be assessed. While dependences behavior single physical parameters can investigated in single- or separate-effect experiments, and more complex phenomena using integral-effect tests, an entire system as a nuclear power plant core computer code modeling. One most commonly used codes f...

An “atypical” accident scenario is a scenario deviating from normal expectations and, thus, not deemed credible by common processes of risk assessment. Past experience shows that non identified accident scenarios as such represent a latent risk for industry and society and sometimes their occurrence can lead to consequences of unexpected extent. An evident example of an atypical accident was th...

This paper aims to spatially differentiate the road accident risk associated with living at a certain place of residence. Official accident data usually record the place the accident occurred, but not the casualties' places of residence. Among those involved in an accident at a certain place there may obviously be some non-residents, such as in-commuters and transients. Hence spatial analysis b...

OBJECTIVES To examine the utilisation pattern of accident and emergency services and to study the possible impact of a user-fee policy on non-emergency attendances in Hong Kong. DESIGN Retrospective study. METHODS Four different scenarios are postulated to examine the impact on the number of accident and emergency attendances of a user-fee policy from 2000 to 2029. Patient volume data of ac...