time, aspect, person, number and active and middle voices are the categories based on which the verbal structure of the ancient iranian languages are studied. according to the prevailing viewpoint, middle voice is the means by which a transitive root is changed to an intransitive one. this viewpoint has its origin in the verbal roots transitive when conjugated in the active voice and intransiti...

time, aspect, person, number and active and middle voices are the categories based on which the verbal structure of the ancient iranian languages are studied. according to the prevailing viewpoint, middle voice is the means by which to change a transitive root to an intransitive. this viewpoint has had its origin in the verbal roots transitive when conjugated in the active voice and intransitiv...

BACKGROUND Ancient DNA analysis offers a way to detect changes in populations over time. To date, most studies of ancient cattle have focused on their domestication in prehistory, while only a limited number of studies have analysed later periods. Conversely, the genetic structure of modern cattle populations is well known given the undertaking of several molecular and population genetic studie...

In this paper, we characterize bounded ancient solutions to the time-dependent Stokes system with zero boundary value in various domains, including the half-space.

The evolution of modern humans is a long and difficult process which started from their first appearance and continues to the present day. The study of the genetic origin of populations can help to determine population kinship and to better understand the gradual changes of the gene pool in space and time. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a proper tool for the determination of the origin of populat...

Although sheep (Ovis aries) have been one of the most exploited domestic animals in Estonia since the Late Bronze Age, relatively little is known about their genetic history. Here, we explore temporal changes in Estonian sheep populations and their mitochondrial genetic diversity over the last 3000 years. We target a 558 base pair fragment of the mitochondrial hypervariable region in 115 ancien...

Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the stomach of nearly half of the world's population. Genotypic characterization of H. pylori strains involves the analysis of virulence-associated genes, such as vacA, which has multiple alleles. Previous phylogenetic analyses have revealed a connection between modern H. pylori strains and the movement of ancient human populations...

Using established criteria for work with fossil DNA we have analysed mitochondrial DNA from 92 individuals from 18 locations in Denmark ranging in time from the Mesolithic to the Medieval Age. Unequivocal assignment of mtDNA haplotypes was possible for 56 of the ancient individuals; however, the success rate varied substantially between sites; the highest rates were obtained with untouched, fre...