INTRODUCTION We have previously shown in the SSAT 044 study that unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia in subjects receiving a boosted protease inhibitor (PI/r) has limited impact on renal, cardiovascular (CV) and bone biomarkers, as well as on neurocognitive performance, relative to those receiving PI/r with a normal bilirubin. We present here a secondary analysis comparing markers in those receivi...

BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest certain antiretroviral therapy (ART) drugs are associated with increases in cardiovascular disease. PURPOSE We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the available evidence, with the goal of elucidating whether specific ART drugs are associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI). DATA SOURCES We searched Medline, Web ...

BACKGROUND Switching a thymidine analogue to a non-thymidine analogue or changing to a nucleoside-sparing regimen has been shown to partially reverse peripheral lipoatrophy. The current study evaluated both approaches. METHODS Subjects at 15 AIDS Clinical Trial Group sites receiving thymidine analogue stavudine- or zidovudine-containing regimens with plasma HIV RNA < or =500 copies/mL and lip...

BACKGROUND The PENPACT-1 trial compared virologic thresholds to determine when to switch to second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART). Using PENPACT-1 data, we aimed to describe HIV-1 drug resistance accumulation on first-line ART by virologic threshold. METHODS PENPACT-1 had a 2 × 2 factorial design, randomizing HIV-infected children to start protease inhibitor (PI) versus nonnucleoside rever...

The Abacavir Trial in Context HIV-associated dementia (HAD) and milder forms of cognitive impairment produce a spectrum of disability that ranges from complete inability to care for oneself to reduced work efficiency and quality of life. HAD is believed to arise from a confluence of adverse effects on neuronal function resulting both from HIV itself and from disturbances in cellular signalling,...

INTRODUCTION The current World Health Organization guideline for first line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected children recommends the use of abacavir and lamivudine as nucleoside backbones and no longer includes stavudine. We compared treatment outcomes with abacavir (ABC) versus stavudine (d4T) in a cohort of HIV-1 infected children 6 and 12 months after antiretroviral therapy was i...