The overall aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of the Assessment of Awareness of Ability (A3) in a Japanese context. The A3 (formerly known as the Assessment of Awareness of Disability, AAD) is a standardized 11-question interview used to explore the discrepancy between observed strengths and limitations in the performance of activities of daily living (ADL) according to the Assessm...

Many cancer drugs impact cancer cell redox regulatory mechanisms and disrupt redox homeostasis. Pharmacodynamic biomarkers that measure therapeutic efficacy or toxicity could improve patient management. Using immunoblot analyses and mass spectrometry, we identified that serpins A1 and A3 were S-glutathionylated in a dose- and time-dependent manner following treatment of mice with drugs that alt...

INTRODUCTION Although activation of A3 adenosine receptors attenuates reperfusion lung injury and associated apoptosis, the signaling pathway that mediates this protection remains unclear. Adenosine agonists activate mitogen-activated protein kinases, and these kinases have been implicated in ischemia/reperfusion injury; the purpose of this study was therefore to determine whether A3 adenosine ...

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the chromosomal translocation t(9;22) resulting in the chimeric bcr-abl oncogene that encodes the P210 fusion protein, which contains a unique amino acid sequence. If peptides derived from the leukemia-specific part of P210 are expressed in HLA molecules on the cell membrane of leukemic cells, an immunological response may occur. Recent studies...

PURPOSE Adenosine can protect retinal ganglion cells from the death that accompanies a general ischemic challenge as well as excitotoxic death. In other tissues, both A1 and A3 adenosine receptor subtypes can mediate protection. While a role for the A1 adenosine receptor in ganglion cell protection has been established, a potential for the A3 receptor has only recently been proposed. Although t...

A Shilla distance-regular graph Γ (say with valency k) is a distance-regular graph with diameter 3 such that its second largest eigenvalue equals to a3. We will show that a3 divides k for a Shilla distance-regular graph Γ, and for Γ we define b = b(Γ) := k a3 . In this paper we will show that there are finitely many Shilla distance-regular graphs Γ with fixed b(Γ) ≥ 2. Also, we will classify Sh...

MAGE-A3 (Melanoma AntiGen-A3) and PRAME (Preferentially expressed Antigen of MElanoma) are two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) which have been extensively tested to develop antigen-specific cancer immunotherapy. This study aimed at determining the rate of expression of these TAAs in gastric cancer (GC), the association between clinico-pathological factors and TAA mRNA expression as well as inv...

The nucleoside adenosine is present within cells and body fluids of all living organisms and its production, both intra- and extracellularly, is tightly coupled to energy consumption resulting in increased level of extracellular adenosine. The physiological effects of adenosine are mediated through four pharmacologically and biochemically distinct adenosine receptors (AR), i.e. A1, A2A, A2B and...

Pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis airways are accompanied by inflammation, neutrophilia, and mucous thickening. Cystic fibrosis sputum contains a large amount of uncleared DNA contributed by neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation from neutrophils. The exact mechanisms of the induction of NETosis in cystic fibrosis airways remain unclear, especially in uninfected lungs of patient...

In this paper the regularity of optimal transportation potentials dened on round spheres is investigated. Speci cally, this research generalises the calculations done by Loeper, where he showed that the strong (A3) condition of Trudinger and Wang is satis ed on the round sphere, when the cost-function is the geodesic distance squared. In order to generalise Loeper's calculation to a broader cla...