Recently, there has been an upward trend in the occurrence of hand-foot-mouth disease, which is correlated with Coxsackie A6 and A10 infections. Although two separate diagnostic reagents are available for these two viral strains, the protocol and diagnosis efficiency still need to be improved. More importantly, as co-infection with these viruses is common, the development of a single test kit t...

A set of monoclonal antibodies was used to isolate nonneutralizable foot-and-mouth disease virus variants, and the RNAs of the variants were sequenced. Cross-neutralization studies and mapping of the amino acid changes indicated two major antigenic sites. The first site was trypsin sensitive and included the VP1 140 to 160 sequence. The second site was trypsin insensitive and included mainly VP...

Before getting into details, I would like to recall the p-adic inspiration for this theory. Here is a list of things we looked at in Chapter III. (1) Polynomials f ∈ Z[X1, . . . , Xn] and their solutions over Z/pZ ' Zp/pZp, where p is a fixed prime and m ≥ 0. Such a solution can be written as x1 = a10 + a11p+ . . .+ a1mp m , . . . , xn = an0 + an1p+ . . .+ anmp m with ai ∈ {0, . . . , p− 1}. (2...

We provide general conditions under which an economic theory has a universal axiomatization: one that leads to testable implications. Roughly speaking, if we obtain a universal axiomatization when we assume that unobservable parameters (such as preferences) are observable, then we can obtain a universal axiomatization purely on observables. The result “explains” classical revealed preference th...