A central issue in sentence-processing research is whether the parser entertains multiple analyses of syntactically ambiguous input in parallel, and whether these analyses compete for selection. In this article, we review theoretical positions for and against such competitive parallelism. We then review empirical evidence, primarily drawing on reading time studies, bearing on the prediction mad...

we deal with a wide range of colors in our daily life. they are such ubiquitous phenomena that is hard and next to impossible to imagine even a single entity (be it an object, place, living creature, etc) devoid of them. they are like death and tax which nobody can dispense with. this omnipresence of colors around us has also made its way through abstract and less tangible entities via the inte...

There are two main domains of research in psycholinguistics: sentence processing, concerned with how the syntactic structures of sentences are computed, and text processing, concerned with how the meanings of larger units of text are understood. In recent sentence processing research, a new and controversial theme is that syntactic computations may rely heavily on statistical information about ...

This paper proposes a system that can detect and rephrase profanity in Chinese text. Rather than just masking detected profanity, we want to revise the input sentence by using inoffensive words while keeping their original meanings. 29 of such rephrasing rules were invented after observing sentences on real-word social websites. The overall accuracy of the proposed system is 85.56%

We investigated the impact of contextual constraint on the integration of novel word meanings into semantic memory. Adults read strongly or weakly constraining sentences ending in known or unknown (novel) words as scalp-recorded electrical brain activity was recorded. Word knowledge was assessed via a lexical decision task in which recently seen known and unknown word sentence endings served as...

We develop techniques for learning the meanings of unknown words in context. Working within a com-positional semantics framework, we write down equations in which a sentence's meaning is some combination function of the meaning of its words. When one of the words is unknown, we ask for a paraphrase of the sentence. We then compute the meaning of the unknown word by inverting parts of the semant...

The aim of the present work is to investigate whether Japanese listeners can recognize before the end of an utterance various social affective meanings expressed by a speaker. 28 native Japanese subjects participated in the experiment. For this experiment, one sentence consisting of 3 moras is uttered in 8 different social affects. Each affective expression is produced by 4 native Japanese spea...

An expressive illocutionary speech act is a in which speaker expresses his thoughts and feelings of being thanking apologizing. Usually, one utterance conveys meaning, but this research, sentence has two to four additional meanings. This phenomenon came from elements outside the that affect presence meaning. The aim present indication can have more than meaning expand theory acts. research used...

Designing appropriate materials and activities to enhance vocabulary learning is one of the primary goals of language courses. Among the claims about efficient pedagogical tasks is the Involvement Load Hypothesis (Laufer & Hulstijn, 2001) according to which vocabulary development is contingent on the amount of cognitive process a task involves. Building on the previous research on this hypothes...