A generalized simplified model for describing the dynamic behavior of distributed parameter systems is proposed. The various specific characteristics of gain and phase angle of distributed parameter systems are investigated from frequency response formulation and complex plane representation of the proposed simplified model. The complex plane investigation renders some important inequality cons...

Nowadays, the growth of virtual environments such as virtual organizations, social networks, and ubiquitous computing, has led to the adoption of trust concept. One of the methods of making trust in such environments is to use a long-term relationship with a trusted partner. The main problem of this kind of trust, which is based on personal experiences, is its limited domain. Moreover, both par...

Formation of asphaltene deposition during oil production, processing and synthesis is known as a fundamental problem of petroleum reservoir worldwide. Asphaltene is a petroleum fraction that can lead to increasing the operating costs in these industries. Variations in operational pressure, temperature and fluid composition are generally the significant cause of asphaltene precipitation. In ...

Irrigation water management is crucial for agricultural production and livelihood security in many regions and countries throughout the world. Over the past decades, controversial and conflictladen water-allocation issues among competing municipal, industrial and agricultural interests have raised increasing concerns. Particularly, growing population, varying natural conditions and shrinking wa...

This paper presents a theoretical and empirical analysis of this decision and how it relates to wage setting and the provision of general training. The theoretical framework is a promotion tournament involving M competing firms with heterogeneous productivities, two-level job hierarchies, and a fixed number of managerial positions. This paper also considers an alternative model based on variati...

Drivers in urban neighborhoods who patrol streets, seeking inexpensive on-street parking create a significant fraction of measured traffic congestion. The pool of drivers patrolling at any time can be modeled as a queue, where ‘queue service’ is the act of parking in a recently vacated parking space and queue discipline is SIRO – Service In Random Order. We develop a queueing model of such driv...

The database model presented in this paper is suitable for application in which queries may require non-crisp references to certain attributes. The data item (attribute) values may be crisp or fuzzy. For instance, such adjectives as 'high' or 'normal' may be attribute values for the attribute blood pressure. A disease or a condition can be described by a number of symptoms which may be crisp al...

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local planning is a basic principle as well as a major part of comprehensive rural development in which main emphasis is placed on local initiatives to make human interactions more active and dynamic. in local planning, all parties including local people, governmental bodies and ngos interact to fulfill the basic goals of community development. one may find good examples of local planning exper...

concomitant research and education are invaluable for patient care and medical practice in trauma. elucidation of a foundation for the integration of training and service that can be combined with research in trauma is crucial, and every trauma case should be studied for this purpose. in this study, we investigated the unique features of trauma research to formulate a generic comprehensive mode...