Increasing evidence supports the contribution of local inflammation to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, although the precise mechanisms are not clear. In this study, we demonstrate that the pro-inflammatory protein S100A9 interacts with the Aβ1-40 peptide and promotes the formation of fibrillar β-amyloid structures. This interaction also results in reduced S100A9 cytotoxic...

Background We have previously identified APP669-711 (a.k.a. Aβ(-3)-40) in human plasma using immunoprecipitation combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (IP-MALDI-MS) (Kaneko et al., Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci. 2014). Our assay has revealed that the composite biomarker, which is a combination of APP669-711/Aβ1-42 ratio and Aβ1-40/ Aβ1-42...

Background: Tissue type 2 transglutaminase (TG2, E.C. 2.3.2,13) is reported to be involved in the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells mouse microglial BV2 and peripheral macrophages. In this study, by using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or amyloid-β 1-42 (Aβ 1-42) peptide-stimulated cell line primary cells, we examined effects different neuronutraceutical compounds, such as curcumin (Cu) N-Palmitoyleth...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and has a higher incidence in women. The main component senile plaques characteristic AD amyloid-beta (Aβ), with surrounding astrocytes contributing to degenerative process. We hypothesized that sex difference could be partially due differential astrocytic responses Aβ. Thus, effect Aβ1-40 on cell viability, inflammatory response, oxi...

Background Alzheimer is associated with neuronal degeneration, characterized by memory loss and altered behaviour. Many pathological conditions like increased amyloid β (Aβ) plaque formation, acetylcholinesterase neuroinflammation results in AD. Due to excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) oxidative stress develops which overexpress Aß the neuron modifies cellular function thereby activates n...

OBJECTIVE To assess odor identification (OI) as an indicator of presymptomatic Alzheimer disease (AD) pathogenesis in cognitively normal aging individuals at increased risk of AD dementia. METHODS In 274 members of the PREVENT-AD cohort of healthy aging persons with a parental or multiple-sibling history of AD dementia, we assessed the cross-sectional association of OI with potential indicato...

Swedish double mutation (KM670/671NL) of amyloid precursor protein (APP) is reported to increase toxic amyloid β (Aβ) production via aberrant cleavage at the β-secretase site and thereby cause early-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms leading to AD pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Previously, our transcriptome sequence analyses revealed global expre...