B7 molecules provide important costimulatory signals to T cells, and B7 genes have been introduced into B7-negative tumor cells to enhance their immunogenicity. However, the role of B7 molecules in inducing tumor immunity is controversial because of conflicting results and reports of differential signaling through the B7 molecules and their ligands CD28 and CTLA-4. In this study, we compared th...

Whether astrocytes utilize B7:CD28 co-stimulation to activate T cells mediating CNS inflammatory disease is controversial. In this report, primary astrocytes and murine astrocyte lines, generated by immortalization at two different times, day 7 or 45 of culture, were examined for their capability to express B7 co-stimulatory molecules and to participate in B7:CD28 co-stimulation. Following expo...

BACKGROUND Members of the B7 superfamily costimulate the proliferation of lymphocytes during the initiation and maintenance of antigen-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. B7-H3 (CD276) is a newly identified member of the B7 superfamily. It has been shown that B7-H3 plays a significant role in regulating T cell response in humans and mice, but it is not known whether a counterpa...

The aim of this study was to determine the expression of B7-H3, B7-H4, Foxp3 and IL-2 in cervical cancer tissues, and evaluate the corresponding clinical significance. The expression of B7-H3, B7-H4, Foxp3 and IL-2 in 108 cervical cancer specimens was detected using immunohistochemistry, and their relationship with clinicopathologic parameters was determined. B7-H3, B7-H4 and Foxp3 had high lev...

A costimulatory signal in addition to an Ag-specific stimulus is required for optimal activation of T lymphocytes. CD28, the primary positive costimulatory receptor on T cells, has two identified ligands, B7-1 and B7-2. Whether B7-1 and B7-2 have identical, overlapping, or distinct functions remains unresolved. In this study, we show that mice lacking B7-2 were unable to generate CTL responses ...

BACKGROUND: Management of water deficit is a great factor to sustainable crop production, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Vermicompost is an organic compound that is microbial active and rich in nutrients that results from the interaction of earthworms and microorganisms with organic matter decomposition. OBJECTIVES: This research was carried out to ...

AIM We investigated the expression of the inhibitory costimulatory molecules B7-H1, B7-H3, and B7-H4 in human pancreatic cancer to define their clinical significance and mechanism in a tumor microenvironment. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty-three pancreatic cancer tissues and 12 normal pancreatic tissues were examined in our research. Patients were enrolled in the study between December 2000 and A...

Costimulatory molecules B7-1 and B7-2 (hereby collectively called B7) interact with CD28 and CTLA4 on T cells and promote antitumor immunity. The function of B7-CTLA4 interaction in antitumor CTL response remains controversial. Here we used CD28(-/-) and CD28(+/-) or CD28(+/+) transgenic mice that express the T-cell receptor specific for an unmutated tumor antigen, P1A, and for tumor cells expr...

Autoimmune lupus nephritis is dependent on infiltrating autoreactive leukocytes and Igs. B7 costimulatory molecules (B7-1 and B7-2) provide signals essential for T cell activation and Ig class switching. In MRL-Faslpr mice, a model of human lupus, although multiple tissues are targeted for autoimmune injury, nephritis is fatal. We identified intrarenal B7-1 and B7-2 expression, restricted to ki...

Black Sea receives 1,125,839 tons of organic matter, 575,000 tons mineral nitrogen, 55,000 tons mineral phosphorus, 30,000 tons organic phosphorus, 90,000 tons iron, 206,000 tons petroleum and petroleum products, 48,000 tons surfactant, 12,000 tons zinc, 67,000 tons manganese, 4,500 tons lead, 2,800 tons copper, 900 tons cadmium and 80 tons of mercury in a year from land based sources. All thes...