Thermoelectric materials offer the possibility of enhanced energy efficiency due to waste heat scavenging. Based on their high-temperature stability and ease synthesis, efficient oxide-based thermoelectrics remain a tantalizing research goal; however, current performance is significantly lower than industry standards such as Bi2Te3 PbTe. Among oxide studied thus far, development n-type thermoel...

Salivary pH is associated with esophageal acid reflux and neutralization of esophageal acid. In this study, we assessed the association between nocturnal decline of salivary pH and airway hyperresponsiveness. Salivary pH was serially assessed in 9 patients with mild asthma (7 men and 2 women; mean age 33.3 years; mean %predicted FEV(1.0) 89.4%) and 10 healthy volunteers (6 men and 4 women; mean...

this research surveys the relationship between elements of identity and foreign policy indicators in the islamic republic of iran (i.r.i.). for this purpose, at first it explains constructivism theory because of the essence of i.r.i constitution and islamic-iranian norms and values in foreign policy. according to this approach, these values and norms shape the i.r.i. identity, and identity dete...

Background and aims Optimal nutritional therapy, including the individually adapted provision of energy, is associated with better clinical outcomes. Indirect calorimetry best tool to measure monitor energy expenditure hence optimize prescription. Similarly other medical techniques, indications contra-indications must be acknowledged optimise use indirect in routine. Measurements should repeate...