circadian rhythms are driven by endogenous clock gene and affects in several gastric parameters causing ulcerogenesis. the study was aimed to evaluate the time dependent antiulcer activity of hydroxyzine in cold-stress-induced ulcer model. the ulcer protection effect of hydroxyzine was studied at various time intervals (9 am, 1 pm, 5 pm, 91 pm, 1 am and 5 am) in cold stress ulcer model using wi...

Very little is known about alveolar macrophage (AM) immunological function in early childhood. Using nonbronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), this study sought to compare the proportion, number, and function of AM between very young and older children. BAL fluid (BALF) leukocyte parameters were determined in 63 children, and data divided into 3 age groups: group 1 (<2 yrs), group 2 (> or ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible analgesic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the ethanolic extract of A. morrisonensis Hayata (AM(EtOH)). Two models were employed for evaluation of the analgesic effects: acetic acid-induced writhing response and formalin-induced paw licking. The results demonstrated that AM(EtOH) decreased writhing response for both the acetic acid assay ...

The combination of Quantum Mechanics (QM) and Molecular Mechanics (MM) methods hasbecome alternative tool for many applications that pure QM and MM could not be suitable.The QM/MM method has been used for different type of problems, for example: structuralbiology, surface phenomena, and liquid phase. In this paper we have performed these methods forsome antibiotics and vitamins and then we comp...

We suspect many of our readers will be familiar with the cult TV show The Prisoner, in which actor Patrick McGoohan had his identity taken away by unknown assailants for unknown reasons, and his pleas of ‘‘I am not a number, I am a person’’ (http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v = 29JewlGsYxs&feature = related) were greeted with variants of ‘‘whatever you say, number six.’’ We would suggest that, as ...

BACKGROUND Recent trials demonstrate increased pneumonia risk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients treated with the inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) fluticasone propionate (FP). There is limited work describing FP effects on host defenses against bacterial pneumonia. METHODS C57BL/6 mice received daily, nose-only exposure to nebulized FP or vehicle for 8 days, followed by pulmonary c...

Polymicrobial sepsis is a life-threatening disorder. Patients die of septic shock and multiple organ failure caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and other bacterial products. A hyperdynamic phase is followed by shock and circulatory collapse. Myocardial dysfunction frequently accompanies severe sepsis and septic shock secondary to circulating depressant factors, including tumour necrosis factor-...

Network control refers to a very large and diverse set of problems including controllability of linear time-invariant dynamical systems evolving over time that have inputs and outputs. The network control problem in this setting is to select the appropriate input to steer the network into a desired output state. Examples of the output state include the throughput of a communications network, tr...

Over the last half-century, chronic disease incidence, including allergic manifestations (AM), has increased exponentially in developed nations and amongst the wealthy in developing nations. Concurrently, there has been a “nutrition transition” in the same populations. Dietary patterns have shifted from a prudent diet (high fruit and vegetable-, and omega-3 fatty acid intake; low omega-6 fatty ...