conclusions high hvr diversity among the studied mrsa isolates could be a result of insufficient or inadequate infection-control protocols in tabriz hospitals. moreover, the high number of hvr genotypes showed that hvr typing can be used along with other typing methods in epidemiological studies of mrsa as a useful tool for monitoring, tracking contaminations, and controlling infections in hosp...

OBJECTIVE Infection with high-risk genotypes of human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the major cause of invasive cervical cancers. HPV-16 and HPV-18 are known to be responsible for two-thirds of all invasive cervical carcinomas, followed by HPV-45, -31, and -33. Current guidelines only differentiate HPV-16/18 (+) by recommending direct colposcopy for treatment. We tried to evaluate whether there ar...

With the increasing resistance of group A streptococci (GAS) to macrolides in some countries including Korea, throat cultures were taken from healthy elementary school children to isolate GAS in 2004. Antibiotic susceptibility, macrolide-resistant phenotypes and genotypes as well as emm genotyping were studied and compared with previous data in 2002. In the present study, resistance rates to er...

Greenhouse cage studies were conducted to determine the influence of shoot morphology and genetic variation on establishment of Spurgia esulae gall midge on seven leafy spurge genotypes. The genotypes were collected from South Dakota, North Dakota, Nebraska, Montana, Wyoming, Manitoba, and Austria. Genotypes from South Dakota and Nebraska were most susceptible to gall formation and had the high...

root and crown rot of sugar beet caused by rhizoctonia solani ag2-2 is a destructive disease in the main sugar beet growing areas. use of resistant cultivars is the most effective and environmentally safe way to control the disease. in order to find resistant genotypes, 70 sugar beet lines together with resistant and susceptible checks were evaluated against a highly virulent isolate of r.solan...