The tetraheme cytochrome c(554) (cyt c(554)) from Nitrosomonas europaea is an essential electron transfer component in the biological oxidation of ammonia. The protein contains one 5-coordinate heme and three bis-His coordinated hemes in a 3D arrangement common to a newly characterized class of multiheme proteins. The ligand binding, electrochemical properties, and heme-heme interactions are in...

suppose $t$ and $s$ are moore-penrose invertible operators betweenhilbert c*-module. some necessary and sufficient conditions are given for thereverse order law $(ts)^{ dag} =s^{ dag} t^{ dag}$ to hold.in particular, we show that the equality holds if and only if $ran(t^{*}ts) subseteq ran(s)$ and $ran(ss^{*}t^{*}) subseteq ran(t^{*}),$ which was studied first by greville [{it siam rev. 8 (1966...

Solar Urticaria (SU) is a rare, chronic inducible urticaria characterised by an itching or burning erythemal flare with without whealing, that can develop within minutes of exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and/or visible light. It hypothesised unidentified endogenous photo-allergen may be the trigger, leading IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation. However, evolution response and mechanism...

An oak tree growing in a meadow has a relatively short trunk and a familiar structure of wide branching limbs that can easily be recognised. However, when oaks grow in forests they compete with each other and develop long straight trunks; they have an appearance that is totally different from the same species growing in open country. One of us, on a family holiday in Greece, collected two tiny ...

A two player game (or more correctly, a two player normal-form game) is specified by two m × n payoff matrices R and C corresponding to the row and column player respectively. Each of these matrices has m rows corresponding to the m strategies of the row player and n columns corresponding to the n strategies of the column payer. The row player picks a row i ∈ [m], and the column player picks a ...

Designers have tried for many years to apply noncircular gears in automatic machines and instruments. The obstacle was the lack of effective methods of generation of noncircular gears similar to those applied for the generation of circular gears. However, researchers have continued the investigation of application of noncircular gears – see the earlier works by Burmester (Burmester, 1888), Golb...

The 521-pigment extracted out of the retina of the Tokay gecko has the typical stereospecificity of the vertebrate visual pigments. This is true for the pigment in the chloride-depleted, "blue-shifted" state as well as for the normal pigment with added chloride. While in the chloride-deficient state, pigment regeneration occurred with both 11-cis- and 9-cis-retinals and the regenerated photopig...

Glucocorticoid (GC) hormones induce apoptosis in T-cell and pre-B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells. Steroid-mediated apoptosis requires a threshold level of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) protein, and increasing the intracellular GR levels in ALL cells would augment their hormone sensitivity. A protein transduction domain (PTD) approach was used to accomplish this. We produced an...