We investigate the spectrum for frames with block size four, and discuss several applications to the construction of other combinatorial designs. Our main result is that a frame of type hu, having blocks of size four, exists if and only if u ≥ 5, h ≡ 0 mod 3 and h(u − 1) ≡ 0 mod 4, except possibly where (i) h = 9 and u ∈ {13, 17, 29, 33, 93, 113, 133, 153, 173, 193}; (ii) h ≡ 0 mod 12 and u ∈ {...

Increased erythropoietin (EPO) production is important for erythropoiesis as well as cell viability. The most effective factor for promoting EPO production is hypoxia, which alters the redox state and produces a reducing environment in the cell. In this study, we examined the influence of ethanol on EPO production in HepG2 cells to investigate the effect of increasing the free NADH/NAD+ ratio i...

Yellow fluorescent protein (YFP 10C) is widely used as a probe in biology, but its complex photochemistry gives rise to unusual behavior that requires fuller definition. Here we characterize the kinetics of protonation and reversible bleaching over time scales of picoseconds to hours. Stopped-flow and pressure-jump techniques showed that protonation of the fluorescent YFP(-) anion state is two-...

OBJECTIVES To calculate and compare the nursing staff size associated with self-care promotion at a pediatric semi-intensive care unit. METHODS This was a prospective study in which 31 children and their caregivers participated. The nursing workload associated with each participant was evaluated at two different times (first and second hospital stays) using the Nursing Activities Score instru...

In a previous paper [Berger et al., PNAS 91 7732, 1994], a theory of virus shell formation was proposed in which shell assembly is directed by local interactions of the coat and sca olding subunits. This theory requires that the same chemical subunits assume di erent, stable conformations depending on their position in the shell. During assembly, the conformation of a protein subunit dictates t...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Phospholipase C epsilon 1 (PLCε1) may regulate cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis and angiogenesis and play an important role in carcinogenesis and the progression of several cancers. This study was designed to validate the association of the PLCε1 rs2274223 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) as identified by genome-wide ...

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