Dairy farms generate a considerable amount of manure, which is applied in cropland as fertilizer. While the use of manure as fertilizer reduces the application of chemical fertilizers, the main concern with regards to manure application is microbial pollution. Manure is a reservoir of a broad range of microbial populations, including pathogens, which have potential to cause contamination and po...

casing material or soil (casing) is used in mushroom (agaricus bisporus) culture to cover a nutritional composted substrate colonised with mycelium, and has an essential function in stimulating and promoting the development of sporophores (fruit bodies). in order to use the agricultural by products (different wastes) to reduce peat consumption of casing soil in button mushroom production, an ex...

Compared to nitrogen (N), relatively little is known about the availability of phosphorus (P) from manure to crops. Many state extension bulletins recommend that 50-80% of total P in manure is available to crops the first year after application. This number is likely based on the fact that 35-90% of P in manures is in the inorganic form (Peperzak, et al., 1959; Barnett, 1994), which is immediat...

tion and nodulation, thus reducing N2 fixation capacity (Shibles, 1998). Application of N before planting or durNitrogen application during soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] ing the early growth stages can suppress the N2 fixation reproductive stages has the potential to increase soybean productivity. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of N fertilizer process. Fertilizer N...

Traditional corn (Zea mays L.) (TC), the primary grain used in swine (Sus scrofa) diets, stores a majority of its P as phytate, which is largely unavailable for digestion by nonruminant animals. Low-phytate corn (LPC) contains similar amounts of total P but a smaller percentage of P as phytate. When fed to swine, LPC increases P utilization and reduces P content of manure. While differences in ...

Manure management plans require knowing the amount of manure produced, collected, and available for land-spreading. Whereas much information is available to calculate manure production, little is known about the types and amounts of manure actually collected on typical dairy farms. This study of 54 representative Wisconsin dairy farms showed significant regional, housing, and herd size differen...

Excessive or N-based application of poultry manure for crops may result in significant risk of P loss with surface runoff. This study assessed P loss immediately after poultry manure application to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] residue with and without tillage at eight Iowa fields. Manure from chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) or turkeys (Melleagris gollopavo) was applied at intended rates...

Green manures are widely used in rice production and may influence methane efflux (CH4). Influence of application of Azolla (A. caroliniana Wild.), a widely used biofertilizer for rice (Oryza sativa L.), on CH4 efflux from a flooded alluvial soil planted to rice, and select soil and plant variables were investigated in a field experiment at Cuttack, India. Azolla was either incorporated as gree...

Odor and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from stored pig (Sus scrofa) manure were monitored for response to changes in the crude protein level (168 or 139 g kg(-1), as-fed basis) and nonstarch polysaccharide (NSP) content [i.e., control, or modified with beet pulp (Beta vulgaris L.), cornstarch, or xylanase] of diets fed to pigs in a production setting. Each diet was fed to one of eight pens of ...

Oxytetracycline (OXY) is a broad-range antimicrobial routinely used in pig production, at doses in the range of few g/kg of medicated feed, during the weaning period. It could persist at ppm level in pig liquid manure that routinely is used for organic fertilisation. In the present work we describe a methodology to study OXY environmental fate in arable land where crops are cultivated for anima...