this survey was carried out to determine the infection rate of coenurus cerebralis in urmiaabattoir, west azerbaijan, iran. a total of 402 sheep heads were examined and the number ofc. cerebralis cysts per each head was recorded. thirty three sheep heads were examined eachmonth during 12 months from 2006 to 2007. of 402 heads, a number of 75 heads (18.65%)were infected with c. cerebralis. the c...

An adult (two years old) Iranian cross-breed ram with alopecia, rough hair coats, thick and wrinkled skin,especially on the face, brisket, scrotum, tail and legs, presented with severe pruritus, poor condition andgeneralized unthriftiness. The animal was referred to the Veterinary Clinic of Shahid Bahonar University ofKerman. The vital signs and haematologic indices of the animal were normal. A...

Background: Analysis of sperm morphology defects (amorphous heads, abnormal acrosome, etc.) is useful for estimating the efficiency spermiogenesis and maturation. An advanced paternal age (more than 40 years) associated with decreasing count reduced motility; however, there little information on effect aging relating to morphological defects. Moreover, searching stable combinations certain in s...

Refraction may be affected by the forces of lids and extraocular muscles when eye direction and head direction are not aligned (oblique viewing) which might potentially influence past findings on peripheral refraction of the eye. We investigated the effect of oblique viewing on axial and peripheral refraction. In a first experiment, cycloplegic axial refractions were determined when subjects' h...

Cytoplasmic dynein is a microtubule-based motor protein that transports membranes in cells. The movement driven by a single dynein molecule in vitro is not as robust as dynein-driven movements in cells. A new study suggests that transport by multiple dyneins is more similar to cellular motions.

In this paper, we report on the status of the RoboCupJunior league, four years after it was founded. Since its inception in 2000, we have been surveying and/or interviewing students and mentors who participate in the international event. Here we present a high-level overview of this data. We discuss demographics of participants, characteristics of preparation and educational value. We highlight...

A long tradition of psychological research has lamented the systematic errors and biases in people's perception of the characteristics of sequences generated by a random mechanism such as a coin toss. It is proposed that once the likely nature of people's actual experience of such processes is taken into account, these "errors" and "biases" actually emerge as apt reflections of the probabilisti...