Multifocal inflammatory leukoencephalopathy (MIL) is a cerebral demyelinating syndrome that develops after chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and levamisole. The authors report a patient who developed MIL after 5-FU administration not in association with levamisole. She was subsequently diagnosed with partial deficiency of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, an enzyme necessary for 5-FU catab...

The present study was undertaken to elucidate the kidney- and site-selective delivery of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) utilizing the absorption on the kidney surface in rats. An experimental system utilizing a cylindrical diffusion cell attached to the right kidney surface was established. After intravenous administration of 5-FU, the concentration of 5-FU in the right and left kidneys was almost the s...

Several randomized trials have shown superior response rates for 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) combined with folinic acid as compared to 5-FU alone. Both treatment regimens are well tolerated and generally can be applied in an outpatient setting. To date no other tested drug combination as methyl-CCNU (M), vincristine (O) and 5-FU (MOF), cisplatin and 5-FU (DDP/5-FU) or methotrexate and 5-FU (MTX/5-FU)...

OBJECTIVE Although 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is widely used in the treatment of various cancers, drug resistance remains a limitation for its anti-cancer activity. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is deregulated in diverse human cancers, including gallbladder carcinoma and mTOR inhibitors show promising anti-cancer activities with proliferation inhibitory effects. This study aims to clarify the...

BACKGROUND Histone deacetylase (HDAC) is well known to be associated with tumorigenesis through epigenetic regulation, and its inhibitors (HDACIs) induce differentiation and apoptosis of tumor cells. We examined the therapeutic effects of valproic acid (VPA, a HDACI) with a combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in vitro. METHODS A human pancreas cancer cell line (SUIT-2) and a cholangiocarcino...

Increasing evidence supports that activation of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is implicated in the chemoresistance of cancer cells subjected to chemotherapy. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying chemoresistance are not well understood. In this study, we aim to investigate whether 5-FU induces hepatocarcinoma cell death through regulating Ca2+ -dependent autophagy. [Ca2+ ]i was measur...

Cell cycle regulation and the NF-κB pathway in cancer cells are important in mediating resistance to 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). Pentagamavunon-1 (PGV-1), a curcumin analog, is known to exhibit stronger growth inhibitory effects than curcumin itself in several cancer cells. In this study, we evaluated the potency of PGV-1 in combination with 5-FU in WiDr colon cancer cells. In MTT assays, PGV-1 did ...

BACKGROUND Cardiotoxicity is a major complication of anticancer drugs, including anthracyclines and 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) and it can have detrimental effects both in patients and workers involved in the preparation of chemotherapy. METHODS Specifically, we have assessed the effects of increasing concentrations of 5-FU and doxorubicin (DOXO) on proliferation of H9c2 rat cardiocytes and HT-29 hu...

To elucidate the mechanism of the synergistic cytotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CDDP), we studied the interaction of these agents using a human squamous carcinoma cell line (HST-1). Exposure to 5-FU for 24 h and to CDDP for 1 h produced a 50% inhibitory concentration of 1.0 micrograms/ml (7.7 microM) and 2.5 micrograms/ml (8.3 microM), respectively. The...