Nucleic acid aptamers are moving towards genuine competitiveness in therapeutic, diagnostic and biomaterials applications. We have introduced a major new aptamer class multivalent circular aptamers or ‘captamers’ that combines aptameric recognition with multitasking nucleic acid functions through the use of modular engineering principles derived from DNA nanotechnology. DNA captamers have been ...

The optimized molecular structures, harmonic vibrational wavenumbers, and corresponding vibrational assignments of 2-, 3and 4-cyanopyridines have been calculated using Gaussian 03 set of quantum chemistry code. Calculations were carried out at Becke-3-Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) density functional theory (DFT) level using the standard 6-311++G(d,p)basis set. The geometrical parameters, thermodynamic ...

Quality assurance remains a key topic in human computation research. Prior work indicates that majority voting is effective for low difficulty tasks, but has limitations for harder tasks. This paper explores two methods of addressing this problem: tournament selection and elimination selection, which exploit 2-, 3and 4-way comparisons between different answers to human computation tasks. Our ex...

A systematic circuit design approach is proposed for experimental verification of hyperchaotic 2-, 3-, 4-scroll attractors from a generalized Matsumoto–Chua–Kobayashi (MCK) circuit. Moreover, using appropriate discrete and extended transformations, a novel digital signal processor (DSP) method is also presented for physically realizing the above hyperchaotic 2-, 3-, 4-scroll attractors. This is...

Relationships between attachment styles and the content and structure of mental representations of parents were investigated. Undergraduates completed 3and 4-category measures of attachment style and wrote descriptions of their parents. Securely attached participants' parental representations were characterized by differentiation, elaboration, benevolence, and nonpunitiveness. Representations b...

The perception boundary between single and geminate stops was examined by regression analyses in 3and 4-mora Japanese words spoken at various speaking rates. It was found that the perception boundary is well predicted by a linear function with duration of stop closure and durations of word or disyllable which contained the single and geminate stops. However, we conclude that the disyllable dura...

We classify all knot diagrams of genus two and three, and give applications to positive, alternating and homogeneous knots, including a classification of achiral genus 2 alternating knots, slice or achiral 2-almost positive knots, a proof of the 3and 4-move conjectures, and the calculation of the maximal hyperbolic volume for weak genus two knots. We also study the values of the link polynomial...

We consider the problem of maintaining a dynamic planar graph subject to edge insertions and edge deletions that preserve planarity but that can change the embedding. We describe algorithms and data structures for maintaining information about 2and 3-vertex-connectivity, and 3and 4-edge-connectivity in a planar graph in O(n1/2) amortized time per insertion, deletion, or connectivity query. All ...

With increasing computational resources exact solutions to 3and 4-way alignments have become feasible in practise. In the pairwise case there is a clear distinction between local and global alignments. As more sequences considered this distinction, which can in fact be made independently for both ends of each sequence, gives rise to a rich set of partially local alignments. So far these have re...