A novel approach was developed allowing the measurement of steady-state force and intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in tetanized human ventricular trabeculae carneae without pharmacological intervention. We compared and contrasted three methods of assessing calcium sensitivity of the myofilaments: 1) force-[Ca2+] relations in skinned fiber preparations, 2) peak twitch force-peak [Ca...

Purpose: The role of visual stimuli as the primary stimulus and effect auditory before external perturbation on Anticipatory Postural Adjustments (APAs) releases has been investigated, but which type (auditory or visual) a more significant initial APAs release, needs to be investigated. So, this study aimed investigate visual-auditory contributions presentation release at different time interva...

BACKGROUND To compare the microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles in neurons and innervated muscles after sciatic nerve entrapment using a non-constrictive silastic tube, subsequent surgical decompression, and denervation injury. METHODS The experimental L4-L6 spinal segments, dorsal root ganglia (DRGs), and soleus muscles from each experimental group (sham control, denervation, entrapment, and ...

background: it is widely recognized that neuromuscular function is temperature sensitive. changes in muscle temperature may affect muscle force development. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of temperature on wrist flexor muscles endurance. methods: fifteen healthy subjects (mean age  21.13 ±1.30 years) participated in the present study.  the wrist flexor muscles endurance wa...

Objectives: The results of a few studies about the effects of ankle brace on muscles function during the performance of different tasks are contradictory. Moreover, the effect of brace on the co-contraction of ankle muscles is undiscovered. Therefore, the present study investigated the effect of brace usage on the ankle muscles activity and co-contraction during single-leg landing. Methods: Fi...

the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 8 weeks of endurance training (et) on ? -1a protein of pre-synaptic p-q-type calcium channels in fhl and soleus muscles of rats. 16 male wistar rats provided from razi institute, were randomly divided to 2 groups (control-sham; n=8 and endurance training; n= 8). training group performed 8 weeks (5 session/week) of endurance training on...

A Ten-Year Follow-Up of a Study of Memory for the Attack of September 11, 2001: Flashbulb Memories and Memories for Flashbulb Events William Hirst, Elizabeth A. Phelps, Robert Meksin, Chandan J. Vaidya, Marcia K. Johnson, Karen J. Mitchell, Randy L. Buckner, Andrew E. Budson, John D. E. Gabrieli, Cindy Lustig, Mara Mather, Kevin N. Ochsner, Daniel Schacter, Jon S. Simons, Keith B. Lyle, Alexand...

BACKGROUND Ablation of cardiac tissue is an essential tool for the treatment of arrhythmias, particularly of atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and ventricular tachycardia. Current ablation technologies suffer from substantial recurrence rates, thermal side effects, and long procedure times. We demonstrate that ablation with nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) can potentially overcome ...

BACKGROUND The immune response to adenoviral vectors used in gene transfer limits the duration of transgene expression and thus poses a potential limitation to their effectiveness for gene therapy. The need for immunosuppression in transplantation may modify this immune response and facilitate prolonged transgene expression. This study hypothesizes that in the setting of heart transplantation, ...