AIM To determine the age of development of bladder and bowel control and the frequency of enuresis, encopresis, and urinary infections in children with cerebral palsy. METHODS The study included 45 children with cerebral palsy who regularly attended a rehabilitation center in Isparta, Turkey, and two groups of age- and sex-matched children, 37 siblings of the children with cerebral palsy and ...

BACKGROUND/AIM To determine the incidence of abnormal Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid (Tc99m DMSA) renal scintigraphy findings in the children with urinary tract infection (UTI), and to evaluate the difference between the children with UTI and vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR), and the children with UTI without VUR. METHODS Tc99m DMSA renal scintigraphy was performed in 170 children with...

OBJECTIVE This study used a novel device to make video games accessible to children with developmental disabilities (DD) by modifying the training software and interfaces to enhance motor training. METHOD In the pretest-posttest design, 20 children (13 boys, 7 girls; mean age=5.2 yr) with DD received adaptive upper-limb motor rehabilitation consisting of fifteen 30-min individual sessions 3 t...

We conducted a monocentric retrospective study at the Félix-Guyon Regional Hospital, Saint-Denis, Réunion Island, from August 1, 2009 to September 30, 2009. We included 94 children with nasal and/or throat swabs tested positive for influenza A(H1N1)v during the study period. We describe the clinical, biological, and radiological presentations, the hospitalization rate, and the antiviral and ant...

BACKGROUND Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is the most common cause of acquired childhood thrombocytopenia and is characterized by increased immune-mediated destruction of circulating thrombocytes. Oxidative damage may be involved in ITP pathogenesis; paraoxonase (PON) and arylesterase (ARE) enzymes are closely associated with the cellular antioxidant system. We investigated the effect of short-t...

INTRODUCTION Children with steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome usually require treatment with second-line agents and calcineurin inhibitors such as cyclosporine are now recommended as initial therapy. These agents only recently become available in our environment and their impact on care is unknown. We reviewed the short-term treatment outcomes of their use in comparison with previous outcomes...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Functional MR imaging is widely used for research in functional brain development in healthy children. However, obtaining high-quality brain imaging data from pediatric research participants requires cooperation that is challenging for young children. In this study, we examined success rates for fMRI in typically developing children in both longitudinal and cross-sectiona...

This is a retrospective case series describing the use of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of children with congenital muscular torticollis who fail to progress with conservative management. A total of 27 children with congenital muscular torticollis, 6-18 mos of age, received 30 botulinum toxin type A injections into their sternocleidomastoid or upper trapezius muscle, or both, at a ped...

BACKGROUND To date, information about the frequency of electrolyte disturbances among children with severe falciparum malaria is limited. METHODS We describe changes in potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphate levels in 56 Kenyan children (42 who survived and 14 who died) admitted to the hospital with clinical features of severe malaria (impaired consciousness or deep breathing) complicat...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Childhood traumatic brain injury (TBI) has implications for functional outcomes, but few studies have documented long-term outcomes. The purpose of this study was to plot recovery of cognitive and functional skills after early childhood TBI to 10 years postinjury and to identify the contribution of injury, environment, preinjury characteristics, and acute functional re...