We present uniform, detailed spectral analyses of γ-ray burst (GRB) X-ray afterglows observed with ASCA, Beppo-SAX, Chandra, and XMM-Newton, and critically evaluate the statistical significances of X-ray emission and absorption features in these spectra. The sample consists of 21 X-ray afterglow observations up to and including that of GRB040106 with spectra of sufficient statistical quality to...

The transformation of atomic hydrogen to molecular hydrogen through threebody reactions is a crucial stage in the collapse of primordial, metal-free halos, where the first generation of stars (Population III stars) in the Universe are formed. However, in the published literature, the rate coefficient for this reaction is uncertain by nearly an order of magnitude. We report on the results of bot...

Background—The role of C-reactive protein (CRP) as a novel plasma marker of atherothrombotic disease is currently under investigation. Previous studies have mostly related CRP to coronary heart disease, were often restricted to a case-control design, and failed to include pertinent risk factors to evaluate the joint and net effect of CRP on the outcome. We related plasma CRP levels to incidence...

BACKGROUND The results of the Global School Personnel Survey (GSPS) conducted in India in 2009 are compared with 2006 GSPS to assess any change in 2009 on tobacco use and knowledge and attitudes to tobacco use, training and availability of tobacco control teaching material in schools and the existence of school tobacco control policies. METHODS GSPS is a cross sectional survey conducted twice...

Teams of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) form typical networked cyberphysical systems that involve the interaction of discrete logic and continuous dynamics. This paper presents a hybrid supervisory control framework for the three-dimensional leader follower formation control of unmanned helicopters. The proposed hybrid control framework captures internal interactions between the decision makin...

In 2018, China contributed to 7.8% of the global drug innovation pipeline and 11.6% new launches, thereby becoming largest base for R&D in Asia. Statistically, oncology, particularly field lymphoma, occupies major area innovative development. Despite substantial advances, there is still an unmet need develop better therapies B-cell lymphomas (BCL), especially those incurable settings. As icon s...

Abstract Background Long-term efficacy of ustekinumab (UST) has been reported in Crohn’s disease (CD) through 5 years (yrs)1 and ulcerative colitis (UC) 4 yrs.2 A previous pooled analysis long-term safety data a favorable UST treatment profile for inflammatory bowel (IBD).3 Here, we present results the final cumulative from studies up to yrs CD UC. Methods Data 6 phase 2/3 IBD were pooled. In 3...

This paper applies six recently developed nonparametric tests of serial independence to monthly US stock returns. Findings of previous studies based on the BDS test are supported since most of the new tests also reject the random walk hypothesis. Furthermore, power properties of the new tests are compared with those of the BDS test. The latter has much power against ARCH and GARCH alternatives ...

The present note is to confirm the feasibility of the present machining technology of the RDDS1 disks. Diamond turned fifteen 2D-shaped disks were inspected both by mechanical dimension measurements and by the RF measurements with electrically shorted at both ends. The consistency among the precisely calculated frequencies, the RF measurements and the dimension measurements were studied. Dimens...